Peer-Driven Intervention for Care Coordination and Adherence Promotion for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial.

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition that is usually treated by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, but poor adherence is common and is associated with worse patient outcomes and experiences. Patient satisfaction is increasingly adopted as a quality indicator by healthcare systems.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that peer-driven intervention effected through interactive voice-response(PDI-IVR) system leads to better patient satisfaction (primary outcome), care-coordination, and CPAP adherence when compared to active-control.

Genetic QT Score and Sleep Apnea as Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death in the UK Biobank.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between a polygenic risk score (PRS) for QT prolongation (QTc-PRS), QTc intervals and mortality in patients enrolled in the UK Biobank with and without sleep apnea.

Methods: The QTc-PRS was calculated using allele copy number and previously reported effect estimates for each single nuclear polymorphism SNP. Competing-risk regression models adjusting for age, sex, BMI, QT prolonging medication, race, and comorbid cardiovascular conditions were used for sudden cardiac death (SCD) analyses.

A randomized prospective trial of an ostomy telehealth intervention for cancer survivors.

Background: Cancer survivors with ostomies face complex challenges. This study compared the Ostomy Self-Management Telehealth program (OSMT) versus attention control usual care (UC).

Methods: Three academic centers randomized participants.

Stellate Ganglion Block and Intraarterial Spasmolysis in Patients with Cerebral Vasospasm: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: In patients with symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (CV) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who do not respond to medical therapy, urgent treatment escalation has been suggested to be beneficial for brain tissue at risk. In our routine clinical care setting, we implemented stellate ganglion block (SGB) as a rescue therapy with subsequent escalation to intraarterial spasmolysis (IAS) with milrinone for refractory CV.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis from 2012 to 2021, patients with CV following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who received an SGB or IAS were identified.

Early adversity and cardiovascular stress response: Stress reactivity or sensitivity to context.

Objective: The stress reactivity hypothesis (SRH) posits that stressful early environments contribute to exaggerated stress responses, which increase risk for later cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, recent studies have revealed conflicting associations. The current study examined whether the biological sensitivity to context theory (BSCT) or SRH is a more accurate description of associations between early stress and CV reactivity and recovery, and determine which framework best explains sleep outcomes.

The longest year ever: Emotions and time perception interact to predict how frequently individuals engage in COVID-19 avoidance behaviors.

Affective states alter the perception of how quickly time is passing. However, previous studies have not examined the independent and interactive effects of emotion and time perception on behavioral outcomes. The current study sought to better understand the relationships between affect, time perception, and reported engagement in COVID-19 pathogen avoidance behaviors (e.

A QTc risk score in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Introduction: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at risk for QTc prolongation, a known risk factor for increased mortality. The pro-QTc score can help identify individuals at increased risk for mortality associated with increased QTc however, it has not been evaluated in patients with OSA. The goal of this study was to evaluate the pro-QTc score in patients with OSA.

Adapting to the burdens of care: a telehealth program for cancer survivors with ostomies.

Purpose: An ostomy introduces to cancer survivors new demands for self-care and healthcare resource use. A curriculum that teaches ostomates self-management skills may affect survivors' use of resources.

Methods: A prospective randomized trial comparing usual care (UC) with an Ostomy Self-Management Training (OSMT) program delivered by telehealth was conducted in patients with ostomies due to cancer.

Early Adversity and Changes in Cortisol and Negative Affect in Response to Interpersonal Threats in the Laboratory.

Adverse childhood experiences, such as abuse and neglect, are associated with poor health outcomes. This association may be partially explained by differences in stress physiology. Though most early adverse experiences occur within the context of interpersonal relationships, stress exposures manipulated in the laboratory rarely involve interpersonal interactions beyond the mere presence of others.

Stakeholder engagement and participation in the design, delivery, and dissemination of the ostomy self-management telehealth (OSMT) program.

Purpose: Stakeholder engagement is increasingly integrated into clinical research processes. We conducted a mixed methods analysis to describe stakeholders' (peer ostomates, ostomy nurses, telehealth engineers) perceptions of their engagement and participation in a multisite, randomized trial of a telehealth-delivered curriculum for cancer survivors with ostomies.

Methods: Stakeholder notes were analyzed using narrative analysis.

Stoma location and ostomy-related quality of life among cancer survivors with ostomies: A pooled analysis.

Introduction: We sought to explore how stoma location may affect self-care events and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer survivors with ostomies.

Methods: A pooled dataset was obtained from three multi-site studies that used the City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy questionnaire. Predicted means for HRQOL and individual items were generated adjusting for sex, ostomy type, and body mass index.

Programmatic Costs of the Telehealth Ostomy Self-Management Training: An Application of Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing.

Objectives: Programmatic cost assessment of novel clinical interventions can inform their widespread dissemination and implementation. This study aimed to determine the programmatic costs of a telehealth Ostomy Self-Management Training (OSMT) intervention for cancer survivors using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) methodology.

Methods: We demonstrated a step-by-step application of TDABC based on a process map with core OSMT intervention activities and associated procedures and determined resource use and costs, per unit procedure.

Cancer survivors' greatest challenges of living with an ostomy: findings from the Ostomy Self-Management Telehealth (OSMT) randomized trial.

Objectives: An ostomy results in lifelong quality of life changes for a cancer survivor. We describe the greatest challenges reported from a randomized trial of cancer survivors with stomas (ostomies).

Methods: Cancer survivors with ostomies participating in a multi-site randomized prospective trial of an Ostomy Self-Management Telehealth (OSMT) program versus usual care (UC) were surveyed at six months post accrual.

An Ostomy Self-management Telehealth Intervention for Cancer Survivors: Technology-Related Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: An Ostomy Self-management Telehealth (OSMT) intervention by nurse educators and peer ostomates can equip new ostomates with critical knowledge regarding ostomy care. A telehealth technology assessment aim was to measure telehealth engineer support requirements for telehealth technology-related (TTR) incidents encountered during OSMT intervention sessions held via a secure cloud-based videoconferencing service, Zoom for Healthcare.

Objective: This paper examines technology-related challenges, issues, and opportunities encountered in the use of telehealth in a randomized controlled trial intervention for cancer survivors living with a permanent ostomy.

Individual differences in motivation and impulsivity link resting frontal alpha asymmetry and motor beta activation.

Previous research has linked neural correlates with motivational traits and measures of impulsivity. However, few previous studies have investigated whether individual differences in motivation and impulsivity moderate the relationship between these disparate neural activity patterns. In a sample of 118 young adults, we used Electroencephalography (EEG) to examine whether behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BIS/BAS) and impulsivity facets (negative urgency, lack of perseverance), moderate the relationship between beta power and resting frontal alpha asymmetry.

Differential Thermotolerance Adaptation between Species of .

Coccidioidomycosis, or Valley fever, is caused by two species of dimorphic fungi. Based on molecular phylogenetic evidence, the genus contains two reciprocally monophyletic species: and . However, phenotypic variation between species has not been deeply investigated.

Healthy behaviors are associated with positive outcomes for cancer survivors with ostomies: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cancer survivors (CS) with ostomies may face challenges in sustaining physical activity (PA) levels and maintaining healthy diets. This analysis describes lifestyle behaviors and their relationships with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in CS with ostomies.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, secondary analysis of a multisite randomized self-management education trial for CS with ostomies.

Between-day repeatability of sensor-based in-home gait assessment among older adults: assessing the effect of frailty.

Background: While sensor-based daily physical activity (DPA) gait assessment has been demonstrated to be an effective measure of physical frailty and fall-risk, the repeatability of DPA gait parameters between different days of measurement is not clear.

Aims: To evaluate test-retest reliability (repeatability) of DPA gait performance parameters, representing the quality of walking, and quantitative gait measures (e.g.

Can motor function uncertainty and local instability within upper-extremity dual-tasking predict amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer's disease?

In this study, we examined the uncertainty and local instability of motor function for cognitive impairment screening using a previously validated upper-extremity function (UEF). This approach was established based upon the fact that elders with an impaired executive function have trouble in the simultaneous execution of a motor and a cognitive task (dual-tasking). Older adults aged 65 years and older were recruited and stratified into 1) cognitive normal (CN), 2) amnestic MCI of the Alzheimer's type (aMCI), and 3) early-stage Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

The effect of multiple recruitment contacts on response rates and patterns of missing data in a survey of bladder cancer survivors 6 months after cystectomy.

Purpose: The Bladder Cancer Quality of Life Study collected detailed and sensitive patient-reported outcomes from bladder cancer survivors in the period after bladder removal surgery, when participation in survey research may present a burden. This paper describes the study recruitment methods and examines the response rates and patterns of missing data.

Methods: Detailed surveys focusing on quality of life, healthcare decision-making, and healthcare expenses were mailed to patients 5-7 months after cystectomy.

Cancer survivors' challenges with ostomy appliances and self-management: a qualitative analysis.

Purpose: An ostomy poses significant health-related quality of life (HRQOL) issues for cancer survivors. Survivors must learn to manage pouching appliances and adjust to the psychosocial consequences of living with an ostomy. We explored, through qualitative analysis, the challenges with self-management and ostomy appliances reported by cancer survivors.

The association between motor capacity and mobility performance: frailty as a moderator.

Background: In older adults, the linkage between laboratory-assessed 'motor capacity' and 'mobility performance' during daily routine is controversial. Understanding factors moderating this relationship could help developing more valid assessment as well as intervention approaches. We investigated whether the association between capacity and performance becomes evident with transition into frailty, that is, whether frailty status moderates their association.

Decrease of blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery after stellate ganglion block following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a potential vasospasm treatment?

Objective: Cerebral vasospasm (CV) is a delayed, sustained contraction of the cerebral arteries that tends to occur 3-14 days after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) from a ruptured aneurysm. Vasospasm potentially leads to delayed cerebral ischemia, and despite medical treatment, 1 of 3 patients suffer a persistent neurological deficit. Bedside transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is used to indirectly detect CV through recognition of an increase in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV).

Screening older adults for amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer's disease using upper-extremity dual-tasking.

The purpose of the current study was to develop an objective tool based on dual-task performance for screening early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI of the Alzheimer's type). Dual-task involved a simultaneous execution of a sensor-based upper-extremity function (UEF) motor task (normal or rapid speed) and a cognitive task of counting numbers backward (by ones or threes). Motor function speed and variability were recorded and compared between cognitive groups using ANOVAs, adjusted for age, gender, and body mass index.