Flexion-extension cervical MRI imaging in pediatric patients with achondroplasia unsupervised by neurosurgery or radiology, is it safe?

Background And Purpose: Achondroplasia, a common form of skeletal dysplasia, can be associated with cervical spine compression and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow compromise, potentially leading to neurological complications. Accurate assessment of the cervical spine is essential for identifying children at increased risk of neurological injury. However, concerns regarding the safety of dynamic MRI under anesthesia in young children have limited its use.

The Utilization of MRI-Generated Synthetic CT in the Treatment of Chronic Bilateral Spondylolysis: A Case Report.

Case: A 14-year-old male athlete presented with a 9-month history of low back pain, worse with hyperextension. Nonoperative management for bilateral L4 spondylolysis had been unsuccessful. The patient underwent a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that generated a synthetic computed tomography (sCT).

Obstructive hydrocephalus of uncommon etiology: case report and neurosurgical management of aqueductal web presenting in adolescence.

Introduction: Aqueductal webs are a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus. Accurate diagnosis and intervention can prevent neurological complications.

Case Presentation: Herein, we describe a case of a child presenting with headaches and vomiting.

Integration of Prenatal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Congenital Heart Disease.

Standard of care echocardiography can have limited diagnostic accuracy in certain cases of fetal congenital heart disease. Prenatal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has potential to provide additional anatomic imaging information, including excellent soft tissue images in multiple planes, improving prenatal diagnostics and in utero hemodynamic assessment. We conducted a literature review of fetal CMR, including its development and implementation into clinical practice, and compiled and analyzed the results.

An unusual presentation of bilateral optic pathway glioma in Crouzon Syndrome.

Crouzon Syndrome is a genetic craniosynostosis disorder associated with a high risk of ophthalmologic sequelae secondary to structural causes. However, ophthalmologic disorders due to intrinsic nerve aberrations in Crouzon Syndrome have not been described. Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) are low grade gliomas that are intrinsic to the visual pathway, frequently associated with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1).

Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Progression: What is the Effect of Lumbar Medial Branch Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation on Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Progression? A Single-Center, Observational Study.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a denervation therapy commonly performed for pain of facet etiology. Degenerative spondylolisthesis, a malalignment of the spinal vertebrae, may be a co-existing condition contributing to pain; yet the effect of RFA on advancing listhesis is unknown. To the extent that denervating RFA may weaken paraspinal muscles that provide stability to the spine, the therapy can potentially contribute to progressive spinal instability.

Imaging features of pathologically proven pediatric splenic masses.

Splenic masses present a diagnostic challenge to radiologists and clinicians alike, with a relative paucity of data correlating radiologic findings to pathological diagnosis in the pediatric population. To illustrate splenic mass imaging findings and approximate lesion prevalence, we retrospectively reviewed all splenectomies and splenic biopsies for splenic masses at a single academic pediatric hospital over a 10-year period in patients 18 years and younger. A total of 31 splenic masses were analyzed.

Case of urethral duplication seen by voiding urosonography.

A 3-month-old premature male infant with imperforate anus and hypospadias underwent contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) followed by voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Images from the ceVUS demonstrated a distinct linearity arising dorsally from the posterior urethra that partially opacified with contrast. VCUG confirmed a urethral duplication.