The very high premature mortality rate among active professional wrestlers is primarily due to cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: Recently, much media attention has been given to the premature deaths in professional wrestlers. Since no formal studies exist that have statistically examined the probability of premature mortality in professional wrestlers, we determined survival estimates for active wresters over the past quarter century to establish the factors contributing to the premature mortality of these individuals.

Methods: Data including cause of death was obtained from public records and wrestling publications in wrestlers who were active between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 2011.

Effectiveness of an incentive-based online physical activity intervention on employee health status.

Objective: The objective of this study was to test whether a financial incentive integrated with health benefits for an online physical activity program was associated with increased employee participation and improved health status among participants compared with nonparticipants.

Methods: Participation in the Virtual Fitness Center (VFC), an online physical activity program associated with a 150 dollars cash rebate, was assessed. Risk status for 2004 VFC participants and nonparticipants was compared using a health risk appraisal.

Regulating oxygen uptake during high-intensity exercise using heart rate and rating of perceived exertion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the use of heart rate (HR) or rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in eliminating the slow component of oxygen uptake (.VO2) during high-intensity aerobic exercise.

Methods: Nine sedentary males (age = 23.