Impact of Electronic Health Record Implementation on Ophthalmology Trainee Time Expenditures.

Objective: Electronic health records (EHRs) are widely adopted, but the time demands of EHR use on ophthalmology trainees are not well understood. This study evaluated ophthalmology trainee time spent on clinical activities in an outpatient clinic undergoing EHR implementation.

Design: Prospective, manual time-motion observations of ophthalmology trainees in 2018.

Time Requirements of Paper-Based Clinical Workflows and After-Hours Documentation in a Multispecialty Academic Ophthalmology Practice.

Purpose: To assess time requirements for patient encounters and estimate after-hours demands of paper-based clinical workflows in ophthalmology.

Design: Time-and-motion study with a structured survey.

Methods: This study was conducted in a single academic ophthalmology department.

Patient-Reported Spectacle Independence Questionnaire (PRSIQ): Development and Validation.

Purpose: To develop a questionnaire quantifying spectacle independence following cataract surgery.

Design: Questionnaire design and validation study.

Methods: A literature review, expert clinical interviews, and patient interviews were undertaken to develop a patient-reported questionnaire assessing spectacle independence.