Paediatric non-infectious uveitis in Cape Town, South Africa: a retrospective review of disease characteristics and outcomes on immunomodulating treatment.

Background: Non-infectious uveitis is a well-reported cause of blindness in more developed countries, however data from sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. Here we aim to describe the diseases associated with paediatric non-infectious uveitis and the effect of currently available treatment in this setting.

Methods: A retrospective observational analysis of children with non-infectious uveitis from January 2010 to December 2017, attending the tertiary paediatric rheumatology and ophthalmology referral units in Cape Town was conducted.

Duane's Retraction Syndrome in a Cohort of South African Children: A 20-Year Clinic-Based Review.

Purpose: To describe the clinical features of Duane's retraction syndrome in a cohort of South African children and to analyze the differences between ethnic groups.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 120 patients seen between 1997 and 2017 at a tertiary referral center in Cape Town, South Africa.

Results: Type 2 Duane's retraction syndrome was most common in black children (54%), whereas type 1 was predominant in mixed race (68%) and white (94%) children.

How does sevoflurane induction, followed by a ketamine maintenance infusion, affect intraocular pressure? Establishment of an anaesthetic protocol for paediatric glaucoma examinations under anaesthesia.

Unlabelled: Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is essential in paediatric glaucoma management. Children require serial measurements and examination under anaesthesia (EUA). Most anaesthetic agents reduce IOP, and the ideal time to measure IOP under anaesthesia is questionable.

Corneal donations in South Africa: A 15-year review.

Background: Corneal pathology is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in South Africa (SA). A corneal transplant can restore or significantly improve vision in most cases. However, in SA there is a gross shortage of corneal tissue available to ophthalmologists.

Primary Orbital Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis in a 1-Year-Old Child.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LyG) is a rare, angiocentric, angiodestructive, B-cell lymphoproliferative disease, presenting with pulmonary involvement in more than 80% of cases. We describe a case of primary orbital LyG in a 1-year-old child.

Paralytic strabismus in South African Black and mixed race children--a 15-year clinic-based review.

Purpose: To describe the demographics and clinical profile of paralytic strabismus in South African black and mixed race children seen at a tertiary pediatric eye clinic.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive case series of patients younger than 14 years diagnosed with paralytic strabismus at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Cape Town, between 1996 and 2010.

Results: A total of 166 children were studied.

Comitant horizontal strabismus in South African black and mixed race children--a clinic-based study.

Purpose: To examine the types of comitant horizontal strabismus in children belonging to the two largest ethnic groups of the Western Cape, South Africa.

Methods: Retrospective review of 2371 children presenting with comitant horizontal strabismus to a single, large, pediatric tertiary referral center in Cape Town, South Africa, between 1997 and 2007.

Results: 81% of children were of mixed race and 19% were black.

Poststreptococcal syndrome uveitis in South African children.

Objective: To describe the demographics, clinical features and management of the largest case series to date on poststreptococcal syndrome uveitis (PSU), a newly recognised immune-mediated response to group A β-haemolytic streptococcus infection.

Methods: Case notes of all patients presenting to the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, with serologically confirmed PSU between 2004 and 2010, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: A total of 22 cases were identified.

The management of strabismus in patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia.

Aims: To describe the clinical profiles and results of surgical and non-surgical interventions in a large cohort of patients with strabismus associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO).

Methods: A retrospective case note review was conducted of all patients with a clinical diagnosis of CPEO referred to our institution's strabismus department in the United Kingdom between 1990 and 2008.

Results: The total number of patients in this series was 28 (12 male, 16 female).

Single medial rectus muscle advancement in stretched scar consecutive exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of advancing the medial rectus muscle alone in cases of consecutive exotropia due to a stretched medial rectus muscle attachment scar.

Methods: Between 2003 and 2008, 12 eyes of 11 patients who underwent single muscle surgery for stretched scar consecutive exotropia were identified. Case notes were reviewed retrospectively.

Zinc therapy for night blindness in cystic fibrosis.

This is the first report of a supplemented CF patient presenting with clinical vitamin A deficiency to be successfully treated with zinc therapy alone. Therefore in addition to retinol supplementation, normalizing serum zinc levels may be important in maintaining the vitamin A status of CF patients. The interactions and synergistic effects between the two micronutrients are discussed.