Motor-sparing regional anaesthesia for total knee arthroplasty: a narrative and systematic literature review.

Total knee arthroplasty is a life-changing surgical procedure that is associated with a high incidence of severe postoperative pain. Key to enhancing recovery after surgery is effective analgesia and early mobilisation. Innovations in motor-sparing regional anaesthesia techniques that have improved recovery include targeted surgical local infiltration analgesia, adductor canal blockade, genicular nerve blocks, and the infiltration between the popliteal artery and posterior capsule of the knee (iPACK) block.

Cooperative & competitive binding of anti-myosin tail antibodies revealed by super-resolution microscopy.

The MF30 monoclonal antibody, which binds to the myosin subfragment-2 (S2), was found to increase the extent of myofibril shortening. Yet, previous observations found no effect of this antibody on actin sliding over myosin during in vitro motility assays with purified proteins in which myosin binding protein C (MyBPC) was absent. MF30 is hypothesized to enhance the availability of myosin heads (subfragment-1 or S1) to bind actin by destabilizing the myosin S2 coiled-coil and sterically blocking S2 from binding S1.

Investigating the Impact of Community Volunteerism on the Mental Health of Medical Students.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impact of community service on the mental health of medical students through their perception of stress.

Methods: The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale was used to measure the stress levels of 82 medical students over a 3-month period. Additional survey questions gauged students' weekly volunteer experiences in clinical and nonclinical settings and their perceived effects on stress and quality of life.

Oxygenation during the apnoeic phase preceding intubation in adults in prehospital, emergency department, intensive care and operating theatre environments.

Background: Apnoeic oxygenation is the delivery of oxygen during the apnoeic phase preceding intubation. It is used to prevent respiratory complications of endotracheal intubation that have the potential to lead to significant adverse events including dysrhythmia, haemodynamic decompensation, hypoxic brain injury and death. Oxygen delivered by nasal cannulae during the apnoeic phase of intubation (apnoeic oxygenation) may serve as a non-invasive adjunct to endotracheal intubation to decrease the incidence of hypoxaemia, morbidity and mortality.

Erector spinae plane block: the ultimate 'plan A' block?

The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is one of seven 'Plan A' blocks proposed by Regional Anaesthesia UK, covering the key areas of commonly encountered surgeries and acute pain. Unlike the other six blocks, the ESPB can be performed at all levels of the spine and provides analgesia to most regions of the body, leading to the argument that the ESPB is the ultimate Plan A block. Current studies show a high level of evidence supporting use in thoracoabdominal surgery but a lack of benefit in upper and lower limb surgery compared with local infiltration and other Plan A blocks.

Outcomes of Prolonged ICU Stay for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery in Australia and New Zealand.

Objective: To determine the effect of intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) on hospital mortality and non-home discharge for patients undergoing cardiac surgery over a 16-year period in Australia and New Zealand.

Design: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study covering the period January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2019.

Setting: One hundred one hospitals in Australia and New Zealand that submitted data to the Australia New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database.

Early Albumin Exposure After Cardiac Surgery.

Objectives: To determine whether the early use of albumin after cardiac surgery in the first 24 hours in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with reduced mortality.

Design: A single-center nonrandomized retrospective cohort study using the Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care IV database.

Setting: A single cardiothoracic ICU in the United States during a period between 2008 to 2019.

Comparison of Supraglottic Airway Devices With Endotracheal Intubation in Low-Risk Patients for Cesarean Delivery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The safety and adverse event rate of supraglottic airway (SGA) devices for cesarean delivery (CD) is poorly characterized. The primary aims of this review were to determine whether the first-pass success was higher and time to insertion for SGA was faster than endotracheal intubation for elective CD. The secondary aim was to determine the airway-related adverse event rate associated with SGA use compared to endotracheal intubation in elective CD under general anesthesia (GA).