Outcomes following operative vs. non-operative management of blunt traumatic pancreatic injuries: a retrospective multi-institutional study.

Background: Traumatic pancreatic injuries are rare, and guidelines specifying management are controversial and difficult to apply in the acute clinical setting. Due to sparse data on these injuries, we carried out a retrospective review to determine outcomes following surgical or non-surgical management of traumatic pancreatic injuries. We hypothesize a higher morbidity and mortality rate in patients treated surgically when compared to patients treated non-surgically.

The Legal Limit: Differences in Injury Severity Score for Vehicular Crashes.

In 2013, the National Transportation Safety Board advised lawmakers in the United States to reduce the legal limit of blood alcohol content (BAC) from 0.08% to 0.05%.

Identification of Risk Factors for Cervical Spine Injury from Pediatric Trauma Registry.

Background: Cervical spine injuries are rare in children. Our goal is to establish guidelines for cervical spine clearance that are practical for our pediatric population, and, in the process, to reduce the risk of radiation exposure from unnecessary advanced imaging.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records from the registries of two pediatric trauma centers from the past 11 years (January 2002 to June 2013).

Ultra-sensitive chip scale Sagnac gyroscope based on periodically modulated coupling of a coupled resonator optical waveguide.

We analyze the sensitivity to inertial rotations Ω of a micron scale integrated gyroscope consisting of a coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW). We show here that by periodic modulation of the evanescent coupling between resonators, the sensitivity to rotations can be enhanced by a factor up to 10(9) in comparison to a conventional CROW with uniform coupling between resonators. Moreover, the overall shape of the transmission through this CROW superlattice is qualitatively changed resulting in a single sharp transmission resonance located at Ω = 0s-1 instead of a broad transmission band.

Chirped area coupled resonator optical waveguide gyroscope.

We study the transmission of an optical field through a rotating coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) in which the size of the ring resonators changes from one ring to the next. We focus on symmetric integer wavelength chirps of the circumference of the rings relative to the central ring in the array. The transfer matrix method is used to obtain the transmission as a function of the inertial rotation rate Ω resulting from the Sagnac effect.