Prenatal treprostinil reduces the pulmonary hypertension phenotype in the rat model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background: Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH) causes significant mortality and morbidity in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Since pulmonary vascular abnormalities in CDH develop early during foetal development, we hypothesized that prenatal maternal administration of treprostinil, through its anti-remodelling effect, would improve the PH-phenotype in the nitrofen rat model of CDH.

Methods: In a dose-finding study in normal, healthy pregnant rats, we demonstrated target-range foetal plasma treprostinil concentrations without signs of toxicity.

High Resistance to Quinclorac in Multiple-Resistant Associated with Elevated Stress Tolerance Gene Expression and Enriched Xenobiotic Detoxification Pathway.

and other species in this genus are a threat to global rice production and food security. Quinclorac, an auxin mimic, is a common herbicide for grass weed control in rice, and spp. have evolved resistance to it.

High [CO] and Temperature Increase Resistance to Cyhalofop-Butyl in Multiple-Resistant .

Changes in the environment, specifically rising temperature and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO], can alter the growth and physiology of weedy plants. These changes could alter herbicide efficacy, crop-weed interaction, and weed management. The objectives of this research were to quantify the effects of increased atmospheric [CO] and temperature on absorption, translocation and efficacy of cyhalofop-butyl on multiple-resistant (MR) and susceptible (S) genotypes.

Urinothorax: A rare complication of percutaneous nephrostomy.

We present a case of a urinothorax resulting from treatment of genitourinary pathology. The presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 46-year-old female with an urinothorax are discussed. Urinothorax is a rare cause of a pleural effusion, most commonly arising from a traumatic etiology.

N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine detected in human breast milk.

Purpose: Measure concentrations of the neurogenic, pro-neurogenic, pro-synaptogenic and anti-inflammatory mediator N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (synaptamide) in relation to its precursor docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breast milk.

Design And Methods: Postpartum women were recruited prior to discharge. We supplemented half the subjects with omega-3 fatty acids.

Suspected or known neonatal sepsis and neurodevelopmental delay by 5 years.

Objective: Evaluate impact of known and suspected neonatal sepsis in the term and preterm infant on neurodevelopmental delay by 5 years.

Study Design: Included infants were born in 2009-2010 and followed for 5 years. Diagnostic codes and at least 5 days of antibiotic use identified suspected sepsis.

Docosahexaenoic acid and the preterm infant.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) that has a role in the cognitive and visual development, as well as in the immune function of newborns. Premature infants are typically deficient in DHA for several reasons, to include fetal accretion of DHA that typically occurs during the third trimester. These premature infants are reliant on enteral sources of DHA, most commonly through breast milk.

Acute maternal oxidant exposure causes susceptibility of the fetal brain to inflammation and oxidative stress.

Background: Maternal exposure to environmental stressors poses a risk to fetal development. Oxidative stress (OS), microglia activation, and inflammation are three tightly linked mechanisms that emerge as a causal factor of neurodevelopmental anomalies associated with prenatal ethanol exposure. Antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and CuZnSOD are perturbed, and their manipulation provides evidence for neuroprotection.

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Presenting in a 7-Day-Old Infant.

A 7-day-old male infant presented to the emergency room after respiratory distress was noted at an outpatient well child check. On exam, he was observed to have tachypnea, increased work of breathing, and decreased breath sounds on the left side of the chest. On chest X-ray, he was found to have a left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

A retrospective analysis of a pediatric tele-echocardiography service to treat, triage, and reduce trans-Pacific transport.

Introduction Tele-echocardiography can ensure prompt diagnosis and prevent the unnecessary transport of infants without critical congenital heart disease, particularly at isolated locations lacking access to tertiary care medical centers. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all infants who underwent tele-echocardiography at a remote 16-bed level IIIB NICU from June 2005 to March 2014. Tele-echocardiograms were completed by cardiac sonographers in Okinawa, Japan, and transmitted asynchronously for review by pediatric cardiologists in Hawaii.

A Case of Delayed Interval Delivery with a Successful Hospital Move.

This report is the first case of delayed interval twin delivery in which the first infant and mother survived without major morbidity following transport to another facility. In addition, this case is only the second report of asynchronous delivery in which both twins survived and neither suffered any major morbidity. A 30-year-old G5P1031 African American female with a diamniotic/dichorionic twin pregnancy presented to U.

Hair and sweat glands in families with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: further characterization.

Objectives: To gather and compare clinical and histologic information from individuals affected by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and unaffected control subjects and to assess the value of these data in the diagnosis of HED.

Design: Volunteer subjects attending the 20th Annual Family Conference of the National Foundation for Ectodermal Dysplasia answered a questionnaire and performed a starch-iodide sweat-function test. A subset of the subjects also donated samples of hair and 4-mm punch biopsy specimens of palmar and scalp skin.