C-H Arylation in the Formation of a Complex Pyrrolopyridine, the Commercial Synthesis of the Potent JAK2 Inhibitor, BMS-911543.

The development of an improved short and efficient commercial synthesis of the JAK2 inhibitor, a complex pyrrolopyridine, BMS-911543, is described. During the discovery and development of this synthesis, a Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization was invented which enabled the rapid union of the key pyrrole and imidazole fragments. The synthesis of this complex, nitrogen-rich heterocycle was accomplished in only six steps (longest linear sequence) from readily available materials.

Concise total syntheses of amphidinolides C and F.

The marine natural products amphidinolide C (1) and F (4) differ in their side chains but share a common macrolide core with a signature 1,4-diketone substructure. This particular motif inspired a synthesis plan predicating a late-stage formation of this non-consonant ("umpoled") pattern by a platinum-catalyzed transannular hydroalkoxylation of a cycloalkyne precursor. This key intermediate was assembled from three building blocks (29, 41 and 47 (or 65)) by Yamaguchi esterification, Stille cross-coupling and a macrocyclization by ring-closing alkyne metathesis (RCAM).

Cross-Coupling Reactions of Alkenylsilanols with Fluoroalkylsulfonates: Development and Optimization of a Mild and Stereospecific Coupling Process.

The development of an effective protocol for the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of (E)- and (Z)-alkenylsilanols with aryl triflates is described. A critical component in the optimization of this method was balancing the stability and reactivity of the triflates in the presence of a nucleophilic promoter. This report highlights that the use of a slightly soluble Brønsted base promoter that allows for a low, steady-state concentration of alkenyl(dimethyl)silanolate in solution, thus facilitating cross-coupling in preference to S-O bond cleavage of the triflate.

Total Synthesis of (+)-Papulacandin D.

A total synthesis of (+)-papulacandin D has been achieved in 31 steps, in a 9.2% overall yield from commercially available materials. The synthetic strategy divided the molecule into two nearly equal sized subunits, the spirocyclic C-arylglycopyranoside and the polyunsaturated fatty acid side chain.

Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of organosilanols and their salts: practical alternatives to boron- and tin-based methods.

In the panoply of modern synthetic methods for forming carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds, the transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of organometallic nucleophiles with organic electrophiles enjoys a preeminent status. The preparative utility of these reactions is, in large measure, a consequence of the wide variety of organometallic donors that have been conscripted into service. The most common of these reagents are organic derivatives of tin, boron, and zinc, which each possess unique advantages and shortcomings.

Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of five-membered heterocyclic silanolates.

The preparation of pi-rich 2-aryl heterocycles by palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of sodium heteroarylsilanolates with aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides is described. The cross-coupling process was developed through extensive optimization of the following key variables: (1) identification of stable, isolable alkali metal silanolates, (2) identification of conditions for preformation and isolation of silanolate salts, (3) judicious choice in the palladium catalyst/ligand combination, and (4) selection of the protecting group on the nitrogen of indole. It was found that the alkali metal silanolates, either isolated or formed in situ, offered a significant rate enhancement and broader substrate scope over the use of silanols activated by Brønsted bases such as NaOt-Bu.