Electromyography as a new means of navigation during endotracheal intubation.

This study tested a method of using rapid analysis of electromyographic response patterns to electrical stimulation to enable real-time navigation during endotracheal intubation. An electromyographic response detection device was constructed and integrated into a standard endotracheal tube. The rebound rates of the response voltages were measured in the trachea and oesophagus after stimulation in an acute study performed in three freshly euthanized male Suffolk sheep.