Effect of music on patients undergoing colonoscopy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Music has been utilized as a therapeutic tool during colonoscopy, but various randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to analyze the effect of music on patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Patients And Methods: Multiple medical databases were searched (12/06).

En bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection of a 14-cm laterally spreading adenoma of the rectum with involvement to the anal canal: expanding the frontiers of endoscopic surgery (with video).

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was recently developed in Japan for en bloc removal of laterally spreading tumors (LSTs). Although initially used for gastric tumors, ESD has now been applied to lesions elsewhere in the gut. Recent reports from Japan included removal of colorectal lesions up to 10 cm.