Significance of Pelvic Fluid Observed during Ovarian Cancer Screening with Transvaginal Sonogram.

The primary objective was to examine the role of pelvic fluid observed during transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in identifying ovarian malignancy. A single-institution, observational study was conducted within the University of Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening trial from January 1987 to September 2019. We analyzed true-positive (TP), false-positive (FP), true-negative (TN), and false-negative (FN) groups for the presence of pelvic fluid during screening encounters.

Ultrasonographic Visualization of the Ovaries to Detect Ovarian Cancer According to Age, Menopausal Status and Body Type.

Because the effects of age, menopausal status, weight and body mass index (BMI) on ovarian detectability by transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) have not been established, we determined their contributions to TVS visualization of the ovaries. A total of 29,877 women that had both ovaries visualized on their first exam were followed over 202,639 prospective TVS exams. All images were reviewed by a physician.

Disease-Specific Survival of Type I and Type II Epithelial Ovarian Cancers-Stage Challenges Categorical Assignments of Indolence & Aggressiveness.

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) consist of several sub-types based on histology, clinical, molecular and epidemiological features that are termed "histo-types", which can be categorized into less aggressive Type I and more aggressive Type II malignancies. This investigation evaluated the disease-specific survival (DSS) of women with Type I and II EOC using histo-type, grade, and stage. A total of 200,658 EOC cases were identified in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data.

Uterine Corpus Malignancies in Appalachia Kentucky: Incidence, Survival, and Related Health Disparities.

Objectives: Uterine cancer is the nation's most common gynecologic malignancy, but it is understudied in the geographically and socioeconomically diverse state of Kentucky (KY). Our aim was to assess the frequency, distribution, and survival of uterine corpus malignancies in KY, and specifically the differences between Appalachia (AP) and non-Appalachia (NAP) KY.

Methods: This population-based cohort study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data and the Kentucky Cancer Registry to study uterine corpus malignancy between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2014.

Clinical Factors Associated with Longer Hospital Stay Following Ovarian Cancer Surgery.

: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy and is treated with a combination of cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Extended length of stay (LOS) after surgery can affect patient morbidity, overall costs, and hospital resource utilization. The primary objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to prolonged LOS for women undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer.

Survival of Women With Type I and II Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Detected by Ultrasound Screening.

Objective: To estimate the effect of ultrasound screening on stage at detection and long-term disease-specific survival of at-risk women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Eligibility included all asymptomatic women 50 years of age or older and women 25 years of age or older with a documented family history of ovarian cancer. From 1987 to 2017, 46,101 women received annual ultrasound screening in a prospective cohort trial.

Population-Based Analysis of Patient Age and Other Disparities in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer in Central Appalachia and Kentucky.

Objectives: Adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for ovarian cancer treatment improves patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess disparities associated with ovarian cancer treatment in the state of Kentucky and central Appalachia.

Methods: Data on patients diagnosed as having ovarian cancer from 2007 through 2011 were extracted from administrative claims-linked Kentucky Cancer Registry data.

Symptoms Relevant to Surveillance for Ovarian Cancer.

To examine how frequently and confidently healthy women report symptoms during surveillance for ovarian cancer. A symptoms questionnaire was administered to 24,526 women over multiple visits accounting for 70,734 reports. A query of reported confidence was included as a confidence score (CS).

Complications from Surgeries Related to Ovarian Cancer Screening.

The aim of this study was to evaluate complications of surgical intervention for participants in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program and compare results to those of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial. A retrospective database review included 657 patients who underwent surgery for a positive screen in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program from 1988-2014. Data were abstracted from operative reports, discharge summaries, and office notes for 406 patients.

Probability of fallopian tube and ovarian detection with transvaginal ultrasonography in normal women.

Objective: Some ovarian malignancies may originate in the fallopian tube. The feasibility of ultrasonographically visualizing the fallopian tube is presented.

Methods: In total, 549 normal women participated in the fallopian tube visualization trial, while ovarian visualization was studied in 43,521.

Serial ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian abnormalities with a morphology index.

Objective: Transvaginal ultrasonography with tumor morphology index (MI) has been used to predict the risk of ovarian malignancy. Our objective was to analyze changes in serial MI scores for malignant and non-malignant ovarian tumors in a large and asymptomatic population.

Methods: Eligible subjects participated in the University of Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program and had abnormalities that included cysts, cysts with septations, complex cysts with solid areas, and solid masses.

Frequency and disposition of ovarian abnormalities followed with serial transvaginal ultrasonography.

Objective: To examine the prevalence, incidence, persistence, and resolution of ovarian abnormalities using serial transvaginal ultrasonography.

Methods: A group of 39,337 women in the University of Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program were monitored with 221,576 baseline and interval transvaginal ultrasonography.

Results: The transvaginal ultrasonogram was normal for first and all subsequent visits for 31,834 participants (80.

Ten-year relative survival for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective: Most patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who are alive at 5 years have active disease. Thus, 10-year survival rather than 5-year survival may be a more appropriate endpoint. Relative survival adjusts for the general survival of the United States population for that race, sex, age, and date at which the diagnosis was coded.

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type: a case report.

The authors report a case of small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), in a mother and daughter and discuss the possibility of a heritable risk. Both mother and daughter were treated at the same institution for SCCOHT. A 23-year-old woman presented with hypercalcemia 4 months after giving birth to her daughter.

Selective inguinal lymphadenectomy in the treatment of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva.

En bloc radical vulvectomy with bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy has now been replaced by radical wide excision and selective inguinal lymphadenectomy based on the stage and location of invasive vulvar cancer. Early stage lateral cancers can be effectively treated by radical wide excision and ipsilateral superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy. Lymph node mapping using perilesional injection of radiocolloid and blue dye may identify sentinel lymph nodes which can be removed, thereby avoiding the morbidity of full inguinal lymphadenectomy in selected patients with early stage disease.

Long-term survival of women with epithelial ovarian cancer detected by ultrasonographic screening.

Objective: To estimate the effect of ultrasonographic screening on stage at detection and long-term disease-specific survival of women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Eligibility included all asymptomatic women aged 50 years and older and women aged 25 years and older with a documented family history of ovarian cancer. From 1987 to 2011, 37,293 women received annual ultrasonographic screening.

Risk for residual adenocarcinoma in situ or cervical adenocarcinoma in women undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure/conization for adenocarcinoma in situ.

Objective: To evaluate the risk for residual adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) or cervical adenocarcinoma in women undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)/conization as the initial management for AIS.

Study Design: A retrospective chart study was conducted from 1990 to 2005. Patients with AIS were identified from a pathology database.

Cervical cancer survival for patients referred to a tertiary care center in Kentucky.

Objectives: To identify prognostic factors influencing cervical cancer survival for patients referred to a tertiary care center in Kentucky.

Methods: A cohort study was performed to assess predictive survival factors of cervical cancer patients referred to the University of Kentucky from January 2001 to May 2010. Eligibility criteria included those at least 18 years-old, cervical cancer history, and no prior malignancy.

Effectiveness of a multivariate index assay in the preoperative assessment of ovarian tumors.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of physician assessment with a new multivariate index assay in identifying high-risk ovarian tumors.

Methods: The multivariate index assay was evaluated in women scheduled for surgery for an ovarian tumor in a prospective, multi-institutional trial involving 27 primary- care and specialty sites throughout the United States. Preoperative serum was collected, and results for the multivariate index assay, physician assessment, and CA 125 were correlated with surgical pathology.

Performance of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' ovarian tumor referral guidelines with a multivariate index assay.

Objective: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) published referral guidelines for women with a pelvic mass that incorporate CA 125. A new multivariate index assay assesses the malignant risk of ovarian tumors before surgery. Our objective was to estimate the performance of the College guidelines with this new multivariate index assay.

Cervical stromal invasion predicting survival in endometrial cancer.

Objective: To estimate the extent to which cervical stromal invasion would predict survival.

Methods: Cases of stage II endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma from three academic institutions were reviewed. A gynecologic pathologist reevaluated archived slides and measured the depth of cervical stromal invasion.

Risk of malignancy in sonographically confirmed septated cystic ovarian tumors.

Objective: To determine the risk of malignancy in septated cystic ovarian tumors.

Materials: 1319 (4.4%) of 29,829 women were identified by transvaginal sonography (TVS) as having a complex cystic ovarian tumor with septations without solid areas or papillary projections and were placed on long-term ultrasound surveillance for ovarian malignancy.

Predicting risk of malignancy in adnexal masses.

Objective: To estimate the accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography, serum CA 125, and patient demographics as a means of predicting risk of malignancy in women with a ultrasonographically confirmed adnexal mass.

Methods: Tumor morphology derived from ultrasonographic images, tumor size, tumor bilaterality, serum CA 125, and patient demographics were evaluated preoperatively in 395 patients undergoing surgery from 2001 to 2008. Tumor morphology was classified as complex, solid, or cystic.

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) potentiates paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines.

Objectives: To determine if SAHA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, decreases ovarian cancer cell viability when combined with paclitaxel in vitro, and to explore molecular alterations of combined paclitaxel+SAHA treatment.

Methods: SKOV3 and Hey ovarian cancer cell lines were treated for 24 h with paclitaxel, then re-treated with SAHA or paclitaxel for an additional 48 h. Protein extracts were prepared at 48 h for western blot analysis.