Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C.D. Adams leaves protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Background And Objective: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a complex type of diabetes. The underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy remains unclear and may be due to a variety of pathological conditions resulting in kidney failure. This study examines the protective effect of the methanolic extract of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (MESFL) in fructose-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy and the associated pathway.

Synergistic Action of Virgin Coconut Oil and Clomiphene in Reversing Endocrine Dysregulation in Letrozole-Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nrf2/HMOX-1 Pathway.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women's reproductive age. Currently, the pathophysiology of PCOS is unclear, and the limited treatment options are unsatisfactory. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is functional food oil associated with pharmacological effects in reproductive disorders.

GC-MS chemical profiling, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethyl acetate fraction of (Schumach. and Thonn.) C.D. Adams leaves: experimental and computational studies.

This study aimed to investigate the chemical profile of GC-MS, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves (EFSFL) via experimental and computational studies. After inducing oxidative damage with FeSO, we treated the tissues with different concentrations of EFSFL. An analysis of EFSFL was carried out to determine its potential for antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities.

The Biological Roles of Urea: A Review of Preclinical Studies.

Urea is an organic compound that has been reported to be effective against many pathological conditions. However, many other studies have reported the toxic effects of urea. These controversies on the biological roles of urea remain unresolved.

Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade attenuates hyperandrogenic metabolic dysregulation in letrozole-induced PCOS rat model.

Purpose: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic syndrome associated with mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation, which causes infertility in women of reproductive age. Spironolactone (SPL) is a MR blocker with inconclusive effect in the treatment of PCOS. Therefore, the present study hypothesized that low dose SPL would ameliorate metabolic dysfunction associated with PCOS.

Short chain fatty acid, acetate restores ovarian function in experimentally induced PCOS rat model.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is pathogenically characterized with hyperandrogenism and metabolic alterations, which often result in ovarian changes and infertility in women of reproductive age. Epigenetic changes have been linked to the development of PCOS. However, the involvement of epigenetic regulator, histone deacetylase (HDAC) in PCOS-driven ovarian dysfunction is not clear.

Melatonin supplementation preserves testicular function by attenuating lactate production and oxidative stress in high fat diet-induced obese rat model.

Metabolic syndrome, including obesity has been documented as a critical factor in male reproductive dysfunction with subsequent reduction in male fertility. The therapeutic potential of melatonin has been demonstrated against oxidative stress-induced pathologies. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of melatonin on testicular dysfunction associated with high fat diet (FD)-induced obese rat model, and the possible involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ).

Acetate supplementation restores testicular function by modulating Nrf2/PPAR-γ in high fat diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats.

Purpose: Several studies have established impaired testicular function in obese male population, including the young males with childhood obesity, contributing to increased male infertility, which is a universal trend in the last few decades. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been recently demonstrated to inhibit progression to metabolic comorbidities. The present study therefore hypothesized that SCFAs, acetate attenuates testicular dysfunction in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rat model, possibly by modulating Nrf2/PPAR-γ.

Protective role of melatonin against adipose-hepatic metabolic comorbidities in experimentally induced obese rat model.

Background: Adipose and hepatic metabolic dysfunctions are critical comorbidities that also aggravate insulin resistance in obese individuals. Melatonin is a low-cost agent and previous studies suggest that its use may promote metabolic health. However, its effects on some comorbidities associated with obesity are unknown.

Melatonin ameliorates endocrine dysfunction and defective sperm integrity associated with high-fat diet-induced obesity in male Wistar rats.

Obesity (OBS) has been established as a link to male hypogonadism with consequent infertility. Previous studies have shown that melatonin (MEL) modulates hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function. The present study therefore investigated the hypothesis that MEL supplementation would attenuate spermatogenic and steroidogenic dysfunctions associated with obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD).

Combined effect of metformin and gallic acid on inflammation, antioxidant status, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and glucose metabolism in fructose-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Over time, diabetes patients usually need combination therapy involving two or more agents, including phytonutrients to attain therapeutic targets. The purpose of this research is to elucidate the combined effect of metformin and gallic acid (GA) on glucose metabolism, inflammation as well as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses in fructose-fed diabetic rats. Thirty-five rats of Wistar strain were arbitrarily distributed into five groups, each containing seven animals as follows: normal control, diabetic control, groups administered 100 mg/kg bw metformin only, 50 mg/kg bw gallic acid only and a combination of both.

High fructose-enriched diet synergistically exacerbates endocrine but not metabolic changes in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in Wistar rats.

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine-metabolic disorder that highly contributes to the prevalence of infertility globally. The increased consumption of refined carbohydrate, particularly fructose has been associated with pandemic metabolic disorders, including in women of reproductive age. However, the effects of high fructose consumption (FRD) on endocrine and metabolic disorders associated with PCOS are not clear.