SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long-term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application (https://www.snapshot-usa.

Mammal responses to global changes in human activity vary by trophic group and landscape.

Wildlife must adapt to human presence to survive in the Anthropocene, so it is critical to understand species responses to humans in different contexts. We used camera trapping as a lens to view mammal responses to changes in human activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Across 163 species sampled in 102 projects around the world, changes in the amount and timing of animal activity varied widely.

Skin bacterial community differences among three species of co-occurring Ranid frogs.

Skin microbial communities are an essential part of host health and can play a role in mitigating disease. Host and environmental factors can shape and alter these microbial communities and, therefore, we need to understand to what extent these factors influence microbial communities and how this can impact disease dynamics. Microbial communities have been studied in amphibian systems due to skin microbial communities providing some resistance to the amphibian chytrid fungus, .

DNA metabarcoding reveals that coyotes in New York City consume wide variety of native prey species and human food.

Carnivores are currently colonizing cities where they were previously absent. These urban environments are novel ecosystems characterized by habitat degradation and fragmentation, availability of human food, and different prey assemblages than surrounding areas. Coyotes () established a breeding population in New York City (NYC) over the last few decades, but their ecology within NYC is poorly understood.

Coyotes in New York City Carry Variable Genomic Dog Ancestry and Influence Their Interactions with Humans.

Coyotes are ubiquitous on the North American landscape as a result of their recent expansion across the continent. They have been documented in the heart of some of the most urbanized cities, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. Here, we explored the genomic composition of 16 coyotes in the New York metropolitan area to investigate genomic demography and admixture for urban-dwelling canids in Queens County, New York.

SNAPSHOT USA 2020: A second coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Managing wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort.

SNAPSHOT USA 2019: a coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States.

With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states during a 14-week period (17 August-24 November of 2019).

The Prevalence of Faculty Physician Burnout in Military Graduate Medical Education Training Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study of Academic Physicians in the United States Department of Defense.

Introduction: In military populations, physician burnout has potential to adversely affect medical readiness to deploy in support of joint operations. Burnout among Graduate Medical Education (GME) faculty may further threaten the welfare of the medical force given the central role these officers have in training and developing junior physicians. The primary aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of burnout among faculty physicians in United States (US) Army, Navy, and Air Force GME programs.

Humanitarian Surgical Missions: Guidelines for Successful Anesthesia Support.

Many anesthesiologists and CRNAs are provided little training in preparing for a humanitarian surgical mission. Furthermore, there is very little published literature that outlines how to plan and prepare for anesthesia support of a humanitarian surgical mission. This article attempts to serve as an in-depth planning guide for anesthesia support of humanitarian surgical missions.

Chief of Residents for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety: A Recipe for a New Role in Graduate Medical Education.

Introduction: The San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium (SAUSHEC) is the largest group of residency programs in the Department of Defense. In an effort to provide improved Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (QI/PS) training for its residents, SAUSHEC created the position of Chief of QI/PS for Residents in the academic year 2014-2015. The Chief of QI/PS for Residents was based in the Internal Medicine residency program but also assisted with SAUSHEC-wide QI/PS projects.

Introducing a Novel Applicant Ranking Tool to Predict Future Resident Performance: A Pilot Study.

The purposes of this study are to (1) introduce our novel Applicant Ranking Tool that aligns with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies and (2) share our preliminary results comparing applicant rank to current performance. After a thorough literature review and multiple roundtable discussions, an Applicant Ranking Tool was created. Feasibility, satisfaction, and critiques were discussed via open feedback session.

Anesthetic management of an ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure: a novel balanced approach.

Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedures are therapeutic interventions for fetuses with life-threatening airway abnormalities and/or other prenatally diagnosed congenital malformations requiring immediate neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Although certain anesthetic goals are common among EXIT procedures, many different approaches to their management have been described in the literature. Herein, we present a novel anesthetic approach to an EXIT procedure for fetal micrognathia and retrognathia.

Urban park characteristics, genetic variation, and historical demography of white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) populations in New York City.

Severe fragmentation is a typical fate of native remnant habitats in cities, and urban wildlife with limited dispersal ability are predicted to lose genetic variation in isolated urban patches. However, little information exists on the characteristics of urban green spaces required to conserve genetic variation. In this study, we examine whether isolation in New York City (NYC) parks results in genetic bottlenecks in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), and test the hypotheses that park size and time since isolation are associated with genetic variability using nonlinear regression and information-theoretic model selection.

Milestone-specific, Observed data points for evaluating levels of performance (MODEL) assessment strategy for anesthesiology residency programs.

Background: Anesthesiology residency programs will be expected to have Milestones-based evaluation systems in place by July 2014 as part of the Next Accreditation System.

Methods: The San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium (SAUSHEC) anesthesiology residency program developed and implemented a Milestones-based feedback and evaluation system a year ahead of schedule. It has been named the Milestone-specific, Observed Data points for Evaluating Levels of performance (MODEL) assessment strategy.

Predicting Success: Does Performance on the Anesthesia Knowledge Test - 6 (AKT-6) correlate with the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) Licensing Exam first-time pass rate?

Background: We sought to determine the relationship between residents' Anesthesia Knowledge Test 6 (AKT-6) scores and their first-time success/failure on the American Board of Anesthesiology written licensing examination. Reliable early identification of residents at risk for failing the ABA exam would be an invaluable screening tool for program leadership and facilitate timely remediation for struggling residents.

Methods: Program directors were invited to submit anonymous data regarding their residents' performance on the AKT-6 and their subsequent first-time success/failure on the American Board of Anesthesiology written licensing examination.

The importance of a military-unique curriculum in active duty graduate medical education.

Military residency training programs are unique in a number of ways, none more significant than the fact that our graduates become our colleagues and future teammates on lengthy deployments. We have a fundamental responsibility to make sure that they are up to the task. Although certainly not a panacea, a well-crafted military-unique curriculum goes a long way toward creating the kind of institutional culture and training mindset that enables a successful transition from active duty resident to deployable physician.