Influence of floating plant density on potential herbicide spray loss.

Background: Mesocosm experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of floating plant density on over-the-top spray solution loss to the column using a tracer dye. Experiments quantified in-water rhodamine water tracer (RWT) dye concentration after foliar treatment at 935 L ha to waterhyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms], waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.

Effect of Dynamic Workstation Use on Radiologist Detection of Pulmonary Nodules on CT.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of using a treadmill workstation during CT interpretation on radiologists' sensitivity for lung nodule detection, accuracy and adherence to accepted management recommendations, and examination interpretation time.

Methods: This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board. Three radiologists performed a retrospective review of 55 CT examinations of the chest originally performed for lung cancer screening.

Surveillance Imaging in Patients With Endometrial Cancer in First Remission.

Objective: The clinical benefit of surveillance imaging in endometrial cancer remains undefined. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of surveillance imaging in endometrial cancer.

Methods: A total of 128 patients in first remission after treatment for endometrial cancer (uterine papillary serous, clear cell, stage III endometroid) who had surveillance imaging were retrospectively identified.

Urothelial lesion formation is mediated by TNFR1 during neurogenic cystitis.

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic bladder inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that shares similarities with Crohn's disease and psoriasis. IC, often regarded as a neurogenic cystitis, is associated with urothelial lesions that likely compromise the bladder permeability barrier and thereby contribute to patient morbidity. Here, we use a murine model of neurogenic cystitis to investigate the mechanism of urothelial lesion formation and find that urothelial apoptosis induces formation of lesions.

Induction of the urothelial differentiation program in the absence of stromal cues.

Purpose: The urothelial stroma is presumed to have a critical role in the formation and homeostasis of normal urothelium. To determine the intrinsic capacity of urothelial cells to initiate urothelial differentiation human urothelial cell were cultured under conditions that promote differentiation in the absence of stromal signaling.

Materials And Methods: Immortalized and primary human urothelial cells were cultured in semisolid medium.

Epithelial differentiation promotes the adherence of type 1-piliated Escherichia coli to human vaginal cells.

Colonization of the vaginal introitus by fecal Escherichia coli is thought to be a key initial event leading to acute urinary tract infection, yet the mannosylated receptor for type 1 pili on the squamous epithelium of vaginal mucosa is unknown. E. coli expressing type 1 pili adhered to sections of normal human vaginal epithelium in a gradient with greatest binding in upper cell layers was observed, which suggests that epithelial differentiation influences bacterial binding.