Waardenburg syndrome-associated neurotrophic keratopathy in a child treated with neurotization surgery.

Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a congenital developmental disorder characterized by congenital sensorineural hearing loss and pigmentary deficiencies in the iris, hair, and skin. Ocular associations of WS include choroidal and iris hypopigmentation and foveal hypoplasia. Possible associations include cataracts and retinal vein occlusion.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Secondary to Pharyngeal Narrowing From Horizontal Donor Site Closure During Posterior Pharyngeal Flap Surgery.

The posterior pharyngeal flap is frequently the surgical intervention of choice for the correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Our patient initially presented for a superiorly based, posterior pharyngeal flap to correct for velopharyngeal insufficiency. However, the postoperative recovery was complicated by severe obstructive sleep apnea, which warranted division and subsequent takedown of the flap.

Ganglion Cyst of the Temporomandibular Joint Mimicking Auriculotemporal Neuralgia.

Ganglion cysts within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), although uncommon, typically present with swelling, pain, trismus, and difficulty with mastication. The authors report an unusual case of a ganglion cyst in the TMJ of a 52-year-old man who presented with chief complaints of severe headaches and dizziness that had not subsided following treatment with medication, trigger point injections, or sphenopalatine ganglion blocks. The cyst appeared as a nonenhancing, T2 hyperdensity adjacent to the left TMJ condyle on magnetic resonance imaging, supported by the presence of chronic erosion and remodeling of the anterior aspect of the left condylar head on computed tomography.

The vastus intermedius periosteal (VIP) flap: a novel flap for osteoinduction.

Periosteum's role in fracture healing is widely recognized, and its function in bone tissue engineering shows great potential. Here we introduce a novel periosteal free flap to be used as an abundant source of periosteum in the engineering and repair of bone. The descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex vessels were isolated on 11 fresh human cadavers, preserving perforators to the vastus intermedius muscle.