Exploring the relationship between vitamin C deficiency and protein-energy malnutrition in adult hospitalised patients: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: To explore the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency, 'undetectable' vitamin C status, and scurvy features, in adult hospitalised patients with protein-energy malnutrition diagnosed using validated malnutrition screening and assessment tools commonly used in clinical practice.

Methods: This study included adult inpatients from four acute hospitals within a single Australian tertiary health service, over a 3.5-year period.

An Intersectional Approach to Hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B is a chronic condition, primarily associated with hepatitis B viral infection in early life. The failure of prevention and appropriate management can lead to subsequent liver cirrhosis and cancer. Hepatitis B most commonly affects people born in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa and their global diasporas.

Prevalence and prognostic significance of vitamin C deficiency in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Vitamin C is an essential dietary nutrient important for collagen synthesis, including within the gastrointestinal tract.

Aim: We aimed to document the prevalence of Vitamin C deficiency (VCD) in patients who present with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and its association with clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients presenting with UGIB.

Barriers and facilitators to pre-exposure prophylaxis among African migrants in high income countries: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Background The aim of this review is to explore acceptability, barriers, and facilitators to PrEP use among African migrants in high-income countries.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted to explore reasons that contribute to low PrEP uptake in this population. Three online databases, abstracts from key conferences and reference lists of relevant studies articles published between the 2 July 2018 and 3 March 2019 were searched.

Immunochromatographic antigen testing alone is sufficient to identify asymptomatic refugees at risk of severe malaria presenting to a single health service in Victoria.

Current screening guidelines for malaria in new refugees include a combination of thick and thin film examination and immunochromatographic antigen test (ICT). However, as the prevalence of malaria in our population has decreased due to changing refugee demographics, we sought to determine if an ICT alone can reliably exclude malaria in our asymptomatic refugee population.A retrospective analysis was conducted of all investigations for malaria performed from 1 August 2011 to 31 July 2013, including thick and thin blood film examination, BinaxNOW ICT, and external morphological and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validation where applicable.

The Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases guidelines for the diagnosis, management and prevention of infections in recently arrived refugees: an abridged outline.

About 13,000 refugees are currently accepted for migration into Australia each year, many of whom have spent protracted periods living in extremely disadvantaged circumstances. As a result, medical practitioners are increasingly managing recently arrived refugees with acute and chronic infectious diseases. The Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases has formulated guidelines for the diagnosis, management and prevention of infection in newly arrived refugees.

A binational cohort study of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Denmark and Australia.

The objective was to determine the incidence and prognosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care units (ICUs) in Melbourne (29-bed ICU), Australia and Aarhus and Aalborg (22-bed unit and 8-bed ICU, respectively), Denmark and to characterize participating ICUs with regard to prevalence of nosocomial type bacterial pathogens, antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption. In this prospective cohort study 25 patients in Melbourne and 32 patients in Aarhus + Aalborg had a first episode of VAP. The incidence of VAP per 1000 ventilator d was 6.