Successful immunomodulatory treatment for recurrent xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis in an adolescent: illustrative case.

Background: Xanthomatous lesions of the pituitary have been linked to ruptured or hemorrhagic Rathke's cleft cysts. Most cases are reported to resolve following radical resection. When recurrence does occur, there is no established treatment regimen.

Performance of the Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System as applied by general neuroradiologists to predict recurrence of head and neck cancers.

Background: The Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI-RADS) is used to assess imaging after head and neck cancer treatment. We evaluated NI-RADS with general neuroradiologists rather than with head and neck subspecialists.

Methods: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations with/without positron emission tomography from May 2018 to September 2020 were retrospectively identified.

Association of Ear Anomalies and Hearing Loss Among Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.

Objective: To identify inner and middle ear anomalies in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) and determine associations with hearing thresholds.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Pretreatment ADC predicts tumor control after Gamma Knife radiosurgery in solid vestibular schwannomas.

Background: Radiosurgery is a well-established treatment for vestibular schwannomas (VSs), but it is often difficult to identify which tumors will respond to treatment. We sought to determine whether pretreatment or posttreatment tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values could predict tumor control in patients undergoing Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and whether these values could differentiate between cases of pseudoprogression and cases of true progression in the early posttreatment period.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients who underwent GKRS for solid VSs between June 2008 and November 2016 and who had a minimum follow-up of 36 months.

Accuracy and Interrater Reliability of CISS Versus Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted VIBE for the Presence of Optic Canal Invasion in Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas.

Background: The magnetic resonance imaging sequence used to assess optic canal invasion by tuberculum sella meningiomas (TSMs) has not been standardized. Both constructive interference in steady state (CISS) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences are frequently used. The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy and interrater reliability of these sequences in predicting optic canal invasion by TSMs.

Predictors for the extent of pial collateral recruitment in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Pial arterioles can provide a variable degree of collateral flow to ischemic vascular territories during acute ischemic stroke. This study sought to identify predictive factors of the degree of pial collateral recruitment in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: Clinical information and arteriograms from 62 consecutive patients with stroke due to either middle cerebral artery (MCA) M1 segment or internal carotid artery (ICA) terminus occlusion within 6 h following symptom onset were retrospectively reviewed.

Size matters: hemorrhage volume as an objective measure to define significant intracranial hemorrhage associated with thrombolysis.

Background And Purpose: This study defines significant thrombolysis associated intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) by identifying an objective threshold volume that predicts clinical deterioration attributable to ICH.

Methods: Prospectively collected clinical and radiographic information, from 103 consecutive patients who underwent intraarterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke, was reviewed. Multiple paired comparisons between stratified hematoma volume and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score by 24 to 36 hours and by time of hospital discharge was used to identify significant differences.