Longitudinal survival trends of patients with cancer with surgically managed appendicular metastatic bone disease: systematic review.

Background: Advances in systemic cancer therapies have improved survival for patients with metastatic carcinoma; however, it is unknown whether these advances have translated to improved survival for patients with appendicular metastatic bone disease (A-MBD) after orthopedic interventions. We conducted a study to evaluate the trend in overall survival for patients who underwent orthopedic surgery for A-MBD between 1968 and 2018.

Methods: A systematic search of Embase and Medline to identify studies published since 1968 evaluating patients treated with orthopedic surgery for A-MBD was conducted for a previously published scoping review.

Waste and recycling among orthopedic subspecialties.

Background: It is estimated that one-quarter to half of all hospital waste is produced in the operating room. Recycling of surgical waste in the perioperative setting is uncommon, even though there are many recyclable materials. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of waste produced in the preoperative and operative periods for several orthopedic subspecialties and to assess how much of this waste was recycled.

No Difference in Functional Outcomes When Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis Is Added to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Active Patients: The Stability Study.

Purpose: To assess the functional outcomes of patients included in the Stability Study randomized controlled trial comparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) alone with ACLR with lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.

Methods: Six hundred eighteen patients undergoing ACLR, all under the age of 25 years either returning to contact pivoting sport or displaying signs of high-grade rotatory laxity or generalized ligamentous laxity, were randomly assigned to receive ACLR alone or ACLR plus LET. A total of 356 of these patients were randomized at centers participating in the functional assessments.

Peripheral fixation of meniscal allograft does not reduce coronal extrusion under physiological load.

Purpose: Meniscal graft extrusion is a concern following meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT). MAT surgical techniques continue to evolve in an effort to reduce extrusion; however, improvements remain difficult to measure in vivo. A novel MRI-compatible in vitro loading device capable of applying physiologically relevant loads has been developed, allowing for the measurement of extrusion under a variety of controllable conditions.

Lessons learned from a hospital-wide review of blood stream infections for paediatric central line-associated blood stream infection prevention.

Aim: Bacteraemia episodes were assessed to calculate a hospital-wide central line-associated blood stream infection (CLABSI) rate per 1000 catheter-days. Secondary objectives were to describe risk factors, microbiology and outcomes of children with CLABSI.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at an Australian tertiary paediatric hospital in children <18 years who had blood culture sampling during the 2-year period, 2014-2015.

3D strain in native medial meniscus is comparable to medial meniscus allograft transplant.

Purpose: Injury or degeneration of the meniscus has been associated with the development of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) has been shown to reduce pain and restore function in patients who remain symptomatic following meniscectomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the three-dimensional (3D) strain in native medial menisci compared to allograft-transplanted medial menisci in both the loaded and unloaded states.

Optimal use of plasma and urine BK viral loads for screening and predicting BK nephropathy.

Background: BK virus is a polyoma virus causing renal allograft nephropathy. Reduction of immunosuppression with the early recognition of significant BK viral loads in urine and plasma can effectively prevent BKV associated nephropathy (BKVN), however the optimal compartment and frequency of BK viral load measurement post renal transplantation are undetermined. Our purpose was to examine time to detection and viral loads in urine compared to plasma, and establish viral load cut-offs associated with histological BKVN.

Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis Reduces Rotational Laxity When Combined With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To determine whether the addition of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction would provide greater control of rotational laxity and improved clinical outcomes compared with ACL reconstruction alone.

Methods: Two independent reviewers searched 9 databases for randomized and nonrandomized clinical studies comparing ACL reconstruction plus LET versus ACL reconstruction alone in a human adult population. All years and 5 languages were included.

Stool culture.

Stool culture is a laboratory test used to determine the aetiology of infective, bacterial diarrhoea. It refers to the inoculation of selective agar plates with faeces and incubation for 1-2 days to detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria within the bowel flora.