Management of Grade 1 Open Distal Radius Fractures: A Survey of Practicing Surgeons.

Introduction Standard of care management for open fractures historically mandates emergent systemic antibiotic administration, followed by urgent irrigation and debridement in the operating room, regardless of injury severity. However, significant controversy exists regarding the specific implementation and importance of these commonly accepted guidelines. We aimed to define differences in the management of grade 1 open distal radius fractures.

Cranial suture lineage and contributions to repair of the mouse skull.

The cranial sutures are proposed to be a stem cell niche, harbouring skeletal stem cells that are directly involved in development, homeostasis and healing. Like the craniofacial bones, the sutures are formed from both mesoderm and neural crest. During cranial bone repair, neural crest cells have been proposed to be key players; however, neural crest contributions to adult sutures are not well defined, and the relative importance of suture proximity is unclear.

Novel truncating mutations in CTNND1 cause a dominant craniofacial and cardiac syndrome.

CTNND1 encodes the p120-catenin (p120) protein, which has a wide range of functions, including the maintenance of cell-cell junctions, regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and transcriptional signalling. Due to advances in next-generation sequencing, CTNND1 has been implicated in human diseases including cleft palate and blepharocheilodontic (BCD) syndrome albeit only recently. In this study, we identify eight novel protein-truncating variants, six de novo, in 13 participants from nine families presenting with craniofacial dysmorphisms including cleft palate and hypodontia, as well as congenital cardiac anomalies, limb dysmorphologies and neurodevelopmental disorders.

PTEN Loss Mediates Clinical Cross-Resistance to CDK4/6 and PI3Kα Inhibitors in Breast Cancer.

The combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with antiestrogen therapies significantly improves clinical outcomes in ER-positive advanced breast cancer. To identify mechanisms of acquired resistance, we analyzed serial biopsies and rapid autopsies from patients treated with the combination of the CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib with letrozole. This study revealed that some resistant tumors acquired RB loss, whereas other tumors lost PTEN expression at the time of progression.

Impact of a Resident-Guided Rounding Initiative on the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey Scores in Orthopaedic Surgery Inpatients.

Patient-centered medicine is becoming the main focus of many healthcare systems, and the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey is a tool used to track patient satisfaction. In this study, we evaluate the HCAHPS scores in orthopaedic surgery inpatients before and after implementation of a resident-guided rounding protocol. Analyses of the HCAHPS surveys for 154 orthopaedic surgical inpatients at one community hospital were compared 6 months before and after implementation of a resident-guided rounding initiative.

Growth and mineralogy in dental plates of the holocephalan (Chondrichthyes): novel dentine and conserved patterning combine to create a unique chondrichthyan dentition.

Abstract: The dentition in extant holocephalans (Chondrichthyes) comprises three pairs of continuously growing dental plates, rather than the separate teeth characterizing elasmobranchs. We investigated how different types of dentine in these plates, including hypermineralized dentine, are arranged, and how this is renewed aborally, in adult and juvenile dentitions of (Rhinochimeridae). Individual plates were analysed using x-ray computed tomography (μCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in back scattered mode with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and optical microscopy on hard tissue sections.

Effects of Photo-Depicted Pupil Diameter on Judgments of Others' Attentiveness and on Facial Recognition Memory.

Occasionally, individuals perceive that someone is no longer paying attention to the discussion at hand even when there are no overt cues of inattentiveness. As a preliminary study of this phenomenon, we examined whether pupil diameter might be implicitly used to infer others' attentiveness. Forty participants (27 women, 13 men, M age = 19.

Subcutaneous extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the forearm: a case report and review of the literature.

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) originating in the subcutaneous tissue is a rare occurrence, accounting for less than 10 % of ESOS cases. Osteosarcoma of extraskeletal origin accounts for approximately 2-4 % of all osteosarcomas, and 1 % of soft tissue sarcomas. We report a case of an 80-year-old female with an isolated primary subcutaneous tumor of the forearm.

Disrupted mitochondrial function in the Opa3L122P mouse model for Costeff Syndrome impairs skeletal integrity.

Mitochondrial dysfunction connects metabolic disturbance with numerous pathologies, but the significance of mitochondrial activity in bone remains unclear. We have, therefore, characterized the skeletal phenotype in the Opa3 mouse model for Costeff syndrome, in which a missense mutation of the mitochondrial membrane protein, Opa3, impairs mitochondrial activity resulting in visual and metabolic dysfunction. Although widely expressed in the developing normal mouse head, Opa3 expression was restricted after E14.

Wearable cardioverter-defibrillator for prevention of sudden cardiac death after infected implantable cardioverter-defibrillator removal: A cost-effectiveness evaluation.

Background: Prevention of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) after removal of an infected implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is a challenging clinical dilemma. The cost-effectiveness of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD) in this setting remains uncertain.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of the WCD with discharge home, discharge to a skilled nursing facility, or inpatient monitoring for the prevention of SCA after infected ICD removal.

Fuz mutant mice reveal shared mechanisms between ciliopathies and FGF-related syndromes.

Ciliopathies are a broad class of human disorders with craniofacial dysmorphology as a common feature. Among these is high arched palate, a condition that affects speech and quality of life. Using the ciliopathic Fuz mutant mouse, we find that high arched palate does not, as commonly suggested, arise from midface hypoplasia.

Caspase-7 participates in differentiation of cells forming dental hard tissues.

Apoptosis during tooth development appears dependent on the apoptotic executioner caspase-3, but not caspase-7. Instead, activated caspase-7 has been found in differentiated odontoblasts and ameloblasts, where it does not correlate with apoptosis. To further investigate these findings, the mouse incisor was used as a model.

Characterisation of the genomic canine Fgf8 locus and screen for genetic variants in 4 dogs with different face types.

We are investigating the genetic basis of morphological differences in skull shape between domestic dogs of different breeds using a candidate gene approach to identify genes involved in the genetic regulation. One such candidate is Fgf8. Fgf8 is a signalling molecule important in the embryonic development and patterning of the craniofacial region.

Characterisation of the genomic structure of chick Fgf8.

The Fgf8 gene encodes a series of secreted signalling molecules important in the normal development of the face, brain and limbs. The genomic structure of the chick Fgf8 gene has been analysed and compared to the human and mouse sequences. Divergence between the chick, human and mouse genomic structure was observed.

Expression of Claudin-3 during chick development.

Claudins are membrane proteins located within tight junctions. Using degenerate and gene specific primers the chick homologue of Claudin-3 was isolated. Here we show the expression of Claudin-3 transcripts in the developing chick embryo from Hamburger and Hamilton Stages (HH) 6-22.

Regionalisation of early head ectoderm is regulated by endoderm and prepatterns the orofacial epithelium.

The oral epithelium becomes regionalised proximodistally early in development, and this is reflected by the spatial expression of signalling molecules such as Fgf8 and Bmp4. This regionalisation is responsible for regulating the spatial expression of genes in the underlying mesenchyme. These genes are required for the spatial patterning of bone, cartilage orofacial development and, in mammals, teeth.