Associations of Telehealth Care Delivery with Pediatric Health Care Provider Well-Being.

Background: The rapid, large-scale deployment of new health technologies can introduce challenges to clinicians who are already under stress. The novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic transformed health care in the United States to include a telehealth model of care delivery. Clarifying paths through which telehealth technology use is associated with change in provider well-being and interest in sustaining virtual care delivery can inform planning and optimization efforts.

Telehealth in Pediatric Surgical Subspecialties: Rapid Adoption in the Setting of COVID-19.

Telehealth has evolved over the past several decades to address varying medical needs. Most recently, it has been widely utilized as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most previous studies have not performed in-depth analyses of patient satisfaction with telehealth technologies.

Utility of Smartphone Telemedical Consultations for Peritonsillar Abscess Diagnosis and Triage.

Importance: Telemedicine is rapidly gaining traction as a way to reduce costs and connect patients with medical experts outside their local communities. Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a logical pathologic condition to evaluate for effectiveness of remote diagnosis given its prevalence and the paucity of on-site otolaryngologists at many institutions.

Objective: To explore the potential of otolaryngology telemedical consultation in triaging and diagnosing patients with suspected PTA.

Assessing Frequency of Respiratory Complications in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of respiratory complications in children admitted to the ICU after adenotonsillectomy and to identify factors associated with the risk of respiratory complications in this cohort.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: PICU.

iPhone otoscopes: Currently available, but reliable for tele-otoscopy in the hands of parents?

Objectives: Tele-otoscopy has been validated for tympanostomy surveillance and remote diagnosis when images are recorded by trained professionals. The CellScope iPhone Otoscope is a device that may be used for tele-otoscopy and it enables parents to record their children's ear examinations and send the films for remote physician diagnosis. This study aims to determine the ability to diagnose, and the reliability of the diagnosis when utilizing video exams obtained by a parent versus video exams obtained by an otolaryngologist.

Multi-color reflectance imaging of middle ear pathology in vivo.

Otoscopic examination using white-light illumination has remained virtually unchanged for well over a century. However, the limited contrast of white-light otoscopy constrains the ability to make accurate assessment of middle ear pathology and is subject to significant observer variability. Here, we employ a modified otoscope with multi-color imaging capabilities for superior characterization of the middle ear constituents in vivo and for enhanced diagnosis of acute otitis media and cholesteatoma.

The role of gastric pepsin in the inflammatory cascade of pediatric otitis media.

Importance: Otitis media is characterized as an ongoing inflammation with accumulation of an effusion in the middle ear cleft. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis, particularly the inflammatory response, remain largely unknown. We hypothesize that aspiration of gastric contents into the nasopharynx may be responsible for the initiation of the inflammatory process or aggravate a preexisting condition.

Pediatric hearing loss.

On the basis of strong research, universal newborn screening should be performed before age 1 month with repeat or follow-up testing for those who do not pass performed before age 3 months and intervention started before age 6 months. On the basis of strong research and consensus statement, tympanostomy tubes should be considered for individuals with bilateral persistent middle ear effusion for 3 months or greater and a documented conductive hearing loss. On the basis of consensus statement, all children with suspected hearing loss should have an age appropriate hearing test.

Tracheotomy after laryngotracheoplasty: risk factors over 10 years. [Corrected].

Background: Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is the most common congenital and/or acquired laryngotracheal anomaly requiring tracheotomy in infants. We sought to determine factors associated with a greater likelihood of tracheotomy in symptomatic infants with SGS who underwent laryngotracheoplasty (LTP).

Methods: Retrospective case series with chart review of patients undergoing single-stage LTP for SGS over a 10-year period (2001-2010) in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital.

Pie-slice tympanoplasty for transcanal removal of small congenital cholesteatoma.

Objective: To describe a novel approach for removal of selected congenital cholesteatomas.

Methods: Description of technique and retrospective review of charts for patients undergoing procedure from January 1 to June 1, 2011. Two patients with congenital cholesteatomas localized to the middle ear necessitating transcanal surgical removal were identified.

Development of a test to evaluate olfactory function in a pediatric population.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study evaluated two versions of a test for olfactory function to determine suitability for use in a pediatric population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.

Methods: In phase 1, 369 children (ages 3-17 years) and 277 adults (parents) were tested.

Incidence of revision adenoidectomy in children.

Objective/hypothesis: Adenoidectomy is a frequently performed procedure in the pediatric population. Revision rates and indications for a second procedure in children are scarce.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Inadvertent insertion of nasogastric tube into the brain stem and spinal cord after endoscopic skull base surgery.

A significant number of neurosurgical patients require feeding tube placement via a nasogastric route. It is used as a temporary access for enteral feeding until patients are able to swallow or receive permanent access. Despite how commonly feeding tubes are used, they are not without potential complications.

Localized oropharyngeal amyloidosis.

An otherwise healthy 29-year-old woman presented with a complaint of odynophagia of several months' duration. On examination, she was found to have a broadly based, yellow, exophytic lesion on the right lateral pharyngeal wall. Findings on biopsy were consistent with amyloidosis.

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging protocol for endoscopic cranial base image-guided surgery.

Objective: Despite the increasing utilization of image-guided surgery, no radiology protocols for obtaining magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of adequate quality are available in the current literature. At our institution, more than 300 endonasal cranial base procedures including pituitary, extended pituitary, and other anterior skullbase procedures have been performed in the past 3 years. To facilitate and optimize preoperative evaluation and assessment, there was a need to develop a magnetic resonance protocol.

Central auditory processing deficiency with anatomic deficit in left superior temporal lobe.

Objectives/hypothesis: Describe the clinical presentation and treatment of a patient with central auditory processing deficiency associated with an anatomic deficit in the left superior temporal lobe.

Study Design: Case report.

Methods: We report a case and the treatment of an 8-year-old boy with abnormal speech development and auditory processing disorder who was found to have a large cystic lesion of his left superior temporal lobe.

Lymphosonographic sentinel node biopsy of the supraglottis in a swine model.

Objective: To test the feasibility of a novel contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) technique, or lymphosonography, for sentinel node biopsy (SNB) of the supraglottis in a porcine model.

Study Design And Setting: In this prospective, nonrandomized animal study, blue dye and ultrasound contrast agent were injected into the supraglottis in seven 50-kg Yorkshire swine. Transcutaneous CEUS was used to identify real-time lymphatic flow of contrast through lymph channels (LC) to the sentinel lymph node (SLN).