Publications by authors named "Christopher G Roth"

Objective: MRI utilization in the United States is relatively higher than in other parts of the world and inpatient MRI utilization is particularly difficult to manage given the lack of direct reimbursement. Body MRI studies present an opportunity to reduce inpatient MRI utilization since they are generally the least emergent. Our objective was to use a targeted questionnaire to probe the necessity of inpatient body MRI orders and present an opportunity to either cancel them or transition them to the outpatient realm METHODS: A 9-item questionnaire was devised asking questions about the urgency of the inpatient MRI order including the urgent management question, an inpatient procedure or whether it was recommended by a consultant.

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Background Contrast-enhanced (CE) US has been studied for use in the detection of residual viable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after locoregional therapy, but multicenter data are lacking. Purpose To compare two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) CE US diagnostic performance with that of CE MRI or CT, the current clinical standard, in the detection of residual viable HCC after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a prospective multicenter trial. Materials and Methods Participants aged at least 21 years with US-visible HCC scheduled for TACE were consecutively enrolled at one of three participating academic medical centers from May 2016 to March 2022.

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Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe, acute necrotizing infection of the kidney with gas accumulation in the renal parenchyma, collecting ducts, and/or perirenal tissue. We report a case of EPN in a 66 year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), urinary tract infection and septic shock necessitating emergent bilateral radical nephrectomy. Morphologically, the kidney parenchyma revealed severe acute bacterial pyelonephritis with extensive abscesses, gas cysts, necrosis and foci of infarctions.

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As the field of interventional endoscopy advances, conditions that were once treated with surgery are increasingly being treated with advanced endoscopy. Endoscopy is now used for treatment of achalasia, bariatric procedures for obesity; resection of early-stage malignancies in the gastrointestinal tract; and placement of lumen-apposing metal stents in the treatment of biliary obstruction, gastric outlet obstruction, cholecystitis, and drainage of nonpancreatic-related fluid collections or abscesses. Knowledge of the novel terminology, procedural details, expected postintervention imaging findings, and potential complications is vital for radiologists because these procedures are rapidly becoming more mainstream in daily practice.

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Purpose: To evaluate the productivity difference between teaching and non-teaching workflow models in an abdominal imaging division in an academic radiology department.

Methods And Materials: RVU data were compiled for six faculty members from the abdominal imaging division over a six-month period. Modalities included ultrasound and CT of the abdomen and pelvis.

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Urethral strictures arise from a variety of etiologies, most commonly either iatrogenic or inflammatory in the anterior urethra and iatrogenic/surgical or traumatic etiologies in the posterior urethra. Diagnosis and treatment planning depend on urethrography, usually performed with a combination of retrograde urethrography (RUG) and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) to evaluate the anterior and posterior urethra, respectively. While this is most commonly performed fluoroscopically, sonographic urethrography is an alternative, although at the expense of the posterior urethra, it is only visualized using a transrectal approach.

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Diagnostic error and diagnostic delays in health care are widespread. This article outlines an improvement effort targeting weekday evening inpatient radiology delays through staffing changes replacing trainees with faculty-trainee team coverage, pushing faculty coverage from 4 pm to 8 pm. Order-report turnaround times (TATs), critical findings TATs for pneumothorax and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and percentage meeting target were compared pre and post implementation for the 4 to 8 pm time frame using the Mann-Whitney and χ tests, respectively.

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Objective: Combined computed tomography (CT) occurs when one anatomical area is simultaneously imaged both without and with contrast, or two overlapping anatomical areas are imaged concurrently. While this has been studied in a Traditional Medicare population, it has not been studied in other populations subject to prior authorization. This study explores between-facility variation in ordering and receiving orders to render combined CT in a mixed commercial and Medicare Advantage population.

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if spatial distribution of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) fusion biopsy cores to the index lesion reveals trends in the detection of intra-lesion Gleason heterogeneity and a more optimal prostate biopsy strategy.

Methods: Index lesion was the lesion with longest diameter on T2-weighted (T2W)-MRI. In cohort 1, fusion biopsy cores biopsies were taken in areas in the center of the target as well as 1 cm laterally on each side.

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Purpose: In the emergency setting, flank pain commonly leads to a noncontrast CT despite a significant percentage of patients having alternative diagnoses, often difficult to characterize without contrast. We investigated the combined utility of urinalysis and history of urolithiasis in identifying patients who are unlikely to have urolithiasis and may benefit from a contrast-enhanced study.

Methods: Retrospective review of 350 patients from May 2013 to May 2016 was performed for patients in the emergency department with renal colic that underwent noncontrast CT and urinalysis testing.

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MRI has transformed from the theoretical, investigative realm to mainstream clinical medicine over the past four decades and has become a core component of the diagnostic toolbox in the practice of gastroenterology (GI). Its success is attributable to exquisite contrast and the ability to isolate specific proton species through the use of different pulse sequences (i.e.

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Objective: Brain abscesses cause substantial morbidity and mortality even after appropriate therapy, and no underlying cause is found in 25% of cases. We investigated the added utility of contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) in the diagnostic work-up of patients presenting with cerebral abscesses and no history or prior trauma or cranial surgery.

Methods: All patients presenting to a single institution with a surgically proven brain abscess were reviewed.

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Interpreting body MRI cases can seem overwhelming to an uninitiated radiologist. The standard study includes a variety of pulse sequences, the names of which vary depending on the MR vendor. Pulse sequences may be displayed haphazardly on the picture archiving and communication system (PACS), frequently not synchronized with the imaging protocol.

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Aim: To elucidate causes for false negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams by identifying imaging characteristics that predict viable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in lesions previously treated with locoregional therapy when obvious findings of recurrence are absent.

Methods: This retrospective institutional review board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study included patients who underwent liver transplantation at our center between 1/1/2000 and 12/31/2012 after being treated for HCC with locoregional therapy. All selected patients had a contrast-enhanced MRI after locoregional therapy within 90 d of transplant that was prospectively interpreted as without evidence of residual or recurrent tumor.

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Acute splenic infarcts classically present with left upper quadrant pain, but may be discovered incidentally in many hospitalized patients with otherwise vague complaints. The purpose of our study was to document causes or predisposing conditions in patients found to have acute splenic infarctions on imaging. Following IRB approval, a retrospective review of an imaging database from May 2008 to May 2015 was performed for cases of acute splenic infarctions.

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Between 2004 and 2012, US funding for the biomedical sciences decreased to historic lows. Health-related research was crippled by receiving only 1/20th of overall federal scientific funding. Despite the current funding climate, there is increased pressure on academic radiology programs to establish productive research programs.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether affected bowel in Crohn's disease patients can be identified by observing decreased peristalsis (frozen bowel sign) using cine balanced steady-state free precession (cine BSSFP) images.

Materials And Methods: 5 radiologists independently reviewed cine BSSFP sequences from randomized MR Enterography (MRE) exams for 30 normal and 30 Crohn's disease patients, graded overall small bowel peristalsis from slowest to fastest, and graded peristalsis for the most abnormal small bowel segment. Sensitivity and specificity of the frozen bowel sign for diagnosing Crohn's disease were calculated.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether affected bowel in Crohn's disease patients can be identified by observing decreased peristalsis (frozen bowel sign) using cine balanced steady-state free precession (cine BSSFP) images.

Materials And Methods: 5 radiologists independently reviewed cine BSSFP sequences from randomized MR Enterography (MRE) exams for 30 normal and 30 Crohn's disease patients, graded overall small bowel peristalsis from slowest to fastest, and graded peristalsis for the most abnormal small bowel segment. Sensitivity and specificity of the frozen bowel sign for diagnosing Crohn's disease were calculated.

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This article describes a basic 1.5-T hepatic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol, strategies for optimizing pulse sequences while managing artifacts, the proper timing of postgadolinium 3-dimensional gradient echo sequences, and an effective order of performing pulse sequences with the goal of creating an efficient and high-quality hepatic MR imaging examination. The authors have implemented this general approach on General Electric, Philips, and Siemens clinical scanners.

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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging surpasses all other imaging modalities in characterizing liver lesions by virtue of the exquisite tissue contrast, specificity for various tissue types, and extreme sensitivity to contrast enhancement. In addition to differentiating benign from malignant lesions, MR imaging generally discriminates between the various malignant liver lesions. Hepatocellular carcinoma constitutes most primary malignant liver lesions and usually arises in the setting of cirrhosis.

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Rationale And Objectives: To use a cine balanced steady-state free precession magnetic resonance enterography (cine MRE) pulse sequence to assess the effectiveness of a sublingual (SL) antiperistaltic agent, hyoscyamine sulfate.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was granted with an exemption for informed consent in this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, retrospective, single-institution study. Of the 288 MRE examinations performed between October 1, 2007 and January 15, 2011, 92 using SL hyoscyamine sulfate for antiperistalsis were included for review, each with cine MRE before and after medication.

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Purpose: To retrospectively determine whether benign exophytic renal masses can be distinguished from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) on the basis of angular interface at single-shot fast spin-echo (SE) T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was compliant with HIPAA and was approved by the institutional review board. Patient informed consent was waived.

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Abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging involves many challenges and is complicated by physiologic motion not encountered to the same degree in other regions of the body. Problems that uniquely affect abdominal MR imaging include motion artifact (from respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and voluntary movement), susceptibility artifact, conductive and dielectric effects, and wraparound artifact. Techniques to minimize these artifacts often need to be addressed within the time constraints of a single breath hold.

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This article reviews the literature and describes a methodologic approach to the diagnosis of hypertension in the young infant. The numerous etiologies of hypertension have been discussed and normative blood pressure data for neonates and infants have been provided. Techniques for accurate blood pressure measurement in the intensive care setting and for routine outpatient settings, are discussed.

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