Predicting Therapeutic Response to Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Using Deep Learning.

Objectives: To develop and validate machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models using drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) images to predict the therapeutic efficacy of hypoglossal nerve stimulator (HGNS) implantation.

Methods: Patients who underwent DISE and subsequent HGNS implantation at a tertiary care referral center were included. Six DL models and five ML algorithms were trained on images from the base of tongue (BOT) and velopharynx (VP) from patients classified as responders or non-responders as defined by Sher's criteria (50% reduction in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and AHI < 15 events/h).

Knotless Suture Anchor Suspensionplasty for Basal Joint Arthritis A Prospective Case Series with Short-Term Outcomes.

Background: The mainstay of surgical treatment for advanced basal joint arthritis is arthroplasty. Many differ- ent techniques of basal joint arthroplasty exist, but none has been determined to be superior to the others, and most methods used to maintain the post-trapeziectomy space require postoperative immobilization or pin fixation. In this article, we describe a knotless suture anchor suspen- sionplasty (KSAS) technique and present a prospective case series with short-term outcomes.

Effects of Premixing Betamethasone and Lidocaine on Chondrocyte Inflammation in an Model.

Background: It is common practice for hand surgeons to premix corticosteroids with a local anesthetic and store the mixture in pre-loaded syringes for rapid use during clinic. However, any possible loss of efficacy with this practice has never been studied. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to determine whether premixing betamethasone sodium phosphate/betamethasone acetate (BSP) and lidocaine (L) at different time intervals from injection has diminishing anti-inflammatory effects on chondrocytes .

The Effects of Autologous Fat Transfer in an In Vitro Model of Basal Joint Osteoarthritis.

Purpose: Basal joint osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition. Recent clinical evidence suggests that autologous fat transfer (AFT) may be a promising, minimally invasive treatment for this condition. However, the mechanism of action is not fully understood.

Hip Fracture Trends and Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly changed the landscape of health care, particularly in the New York City area. The elderly population is particularly vulnerable to both the novel coronavirus and the effects of a fracture. The goal of this study was to compare trends and outcomes of hip fracture patients during the pandemic.

Management of de Quervain Tenosynovitis: A Critical Analysis Review.

»: Most cases of de Quervain tenosynovitis can be managed with nonoperative measures, and the mainstay of treatment is corticosteroid injection (CSI). The use of ultrasound may improve the accuracy of injections and can help to identify and localize injections to separate subcompartments.

»: For patients who are in the third trimester of pregnancy or breastfeeding, there is no contraindication to CSI as studies have shown that it can provide optimal symptomatic relief to the mother without impacting the baby.

Tendon Transection Healing Can Be Improved With Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cultured With Growth Differentiation Factor 5 and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor.

Background: As hand surgeons, tendon injuries and lacerations are a particularly difficult problem to treat, as poor healing potential and adhesions hamper optimal recovery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been shown to aid in rat Achilles tendon healing after a puncture defect, and this model can be used to study tendon healing in the upper extremity. We hypothesized that ADSCs cultured with growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) would improve tendon healing after a transection injury.

Ulnar Neuropathy After Intermittent Prone Positioning for COVID-19 Infection: A Preliminary Report of 3 Cases.

Case: We describe a preliminary report of 3 cases of ulnar neuropathy after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and treatment with intermittent prone positioning.

Conclusion: Ulnar neuropathy may be associated with recent COVID-19 infection. The natural process of the disease and intermittent prone positioning are likely risk factors contributing to this finding.

The impact of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on ambulatory procedures and associated delays in care for asymptomatic patients.

Background: Since the reopening of ambulatory centers, minimal data has been reported regarding positive tests among patients undergoing ambulatory procedures, associated delays in care, and outcomes of patients previously positive for coronavirus disease 2019.

Methods: A retrospective observational case series of ambulatory procedures was performed. Records since the reopening of ambulatory centers in New York were searched for patients with positive coronavirus disease 2019 nasal swab results who underwent ambulatory procedures.

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Orthopaedics.

Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology has evolved dramatically in the last 30 years, from large machines with poor resolution to those with micron-level capabilities that sit on a desktop. This technology is being utilized in numerous medical applications, particularly in orthopaedic surgery. Over the past decade, technological advances have allowed for the application of this technology to the field of tissue engineering through the process of 3D bioprinting.

Outcomes of press-fit uncemented versus cemented hip arthroplasty in the oncologic patient.

Background And Objectives: Cemented hip arthroplasty is considered the standard of care for treating both osteoporotic femoral neck fractures and pathologic disease of the proximal femur due to the ability to achieve strong fixation in poor quality bone. There is minimal literature evaluating uncemented arthroplasty for pathologic disease of the proximal femur. This objective of this study is to compare outcomes of patients undergoing cemented and uncemented arthroplasty of the proximal femur for an oncologic indication.

To Bundle or Not to Bundle? The Financial Impact of Pathologic Hip Disease on Hip Arthroplasty Episodes of Care.

Background: The Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement model aims to support more efficient care for patients. We examined the impact of patient and surgical characteristics, post-acute care, and clinical outcomes on episode of care (EOC) costs in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for all diagnoses.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from a large database of patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for oncologic and nononcologic diagnoses between 2014 and 2017.

Previous Surgery and Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: To examine whether previous palate or hypopharyngeal surgery was associated with efficacy of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with hypoglossal nerve stimulation.

Study Design: Cohort (retrospective and prospective).

Setting: Eleven academic medical centers.

Effect of Preoperative Dental Extraction on Postoperative Complications After Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Background: Poor dental hygiene has historically been considered a potential risk factor for infection in total joint arthroplasty (TJA), which has resulted in the common practice of requiring preoperative dental clearance and often results in dental extractions. However, the association between dental pathology and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) has recently been called into question.

Methods: A consecutive series of 2457 primary total hip and total knee arthroplasties were retrospectively reviewed.

Extra-articular, Intraepiphyseal Drilling for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee: Characterization of a Safe and Reproducible Surgical Approach.

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is an idiopathic focal condition affecting the subchondral bone of joints, and it is increasingly prevalent among the active young adult population. For lesions that have failed nonoperative management, transarticular drilling and extra-articular drilling are surgical options. Although the extra-articular approach preserves the articular cartilage, it is technically challenging and could benefit from a study of surgical approach.

Steroid Versus Antibiotic Drops in the Prevention of Postoperative Myringotomy Tube Complications.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of early postoperative tympanostomy tube insertion otorrhea and obstruction in pediatric patients receiving antibiotic ear drops with or without steroid perioperatively.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent outpatient myringotomy and tube placement. Patients from June 2013 to February 2014 received ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone perioperatively while patients from May 2014 to April 2015 received ofloxacin.

A Biomechanical and Clinical Comparison of Midshaft Clavicle Plate Fixation: Are 2 Screws as Good as 3 on Each Side of the Fracture?

Background: The standard of care for plating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures has been 6 cortices of purchase on each side of the fracture. The use of locking plates and screws may afford equivalent biomechanical strength with fewer cortices of purchase on each side of the fracture.

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical and clinical performance of 3- versus 2-screw constructs for plating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Nonsurgical options to treat giant-cell tumors of the head and neck: A case report and brief review of the literature.

Central giant-cell granulomas (CGCGs) are relatively uncommon. When they do occur, they typically arise in the mandible and maxilla. Some lesions are more destructive than others, and the destructive subtype has a tendency to recur.

Targeted deletion of Tsc1 causes fatal cardiomyocyte hyperplasia independently of afterload.

Despite high expression levels, the role of Tsc1 in cardiovascular tissue is ill defined. We launched this study to examine the role of Tsc1 in cardiac physiology and pathology. Mice in which Tsc1 was deleted in cardiac tissue and vascular smooth muscle (Tsc1c/cSM22cre(+/-)), developed progressive cardiomegaly and hypertension and died early.

Pediatric sialadenitis.

Sialadenitis in the pediatric population accounts for up to 10% of all salivary gland disease. Viral parotitis and juvenile recurrent parotitis are the two most common causes. Multiple factors, independently or in combination, can result in acute, chronic, or recurrent acute salivary gland inflammation.

Salivary endoscopy in a pediatric patient with HLA-B27 seropositivity and recurrent submandibular sialadenitis.

Patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 seropositivity have a genetic predisposition to form spondyloarthropathies, especially ankylosing spondylitis. Other related inflammatory or autoimmune disorders include reactive arthritis, uveitis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease. Although juvenile recurrent parotitis is not uncommon, recurrent submandibular sialadenitis is rare in pediatric patients.