Bathymetry retrievals from 2D, multispectral imagery, referred to as Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB), afford the potential to obtain global, nearshore bathymetric data in optically clear waters. However, accurate SDB depth retrievals are limited in the absence of "seed depths." The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) space-based altimeter has proven capable of accurate bathymetry, but methods of employing ICESat-2 bathymetry for SDB retrievals over broad spatial extents are immature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn addition to precise 3D coordinates, most light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems also record "intensity", loosely defined as the strength of the backscattered echo for each measured point. To date, LIDAR intensity data have proven beneficial in a wide range of applications because they are related to surface parameters, such as reflectance. While numerous procedures have been introduced in the scientific literature, and even commercial software, to enhance the utility of intensity data through a variety of "normalization", "correction", or "calibration" techniques, the current situation is complicated by a lack of standardization, as well as confusing, inconsistent use of terminology.
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