Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin treatment in COVID-19 is associated with faster resolution of symptoms: A randomized pilot clinical trial.

Effective treatment to prevent hospitalization and death in people with COVID-19 exists, but people still need interventions that alleviate symptoms without drug interactions. Oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulins (SBI) may reduce symptoms and time-to-improvement in people with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. In this randomized, open-label, single-site study, participants with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 received SBI 5.

Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Stimulates SCFA Production by Specific Microbes in the Ex Vivo SIFR Technology.

Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulins (SBI) exert health benefits mediated by their ability to bind microbial components, thereby preventing translocation and subsequent inflammation. While in vivo studies have shown that a fraction of SBI also reaches the colon, little is known about the impact of SBI on the dense colonic microbiota that has great potential to impact human health. This study, therefore, investigated the impact of three bovine plasma protein fractions (SBI, bovine plasma (BP) and albumin-enriched bovine plasma (ABP)) on the gut microbiota of six human adults using the novel ex vivo SIFR technology, recently demonstrated to generate predictive findings for clinical studies.

Potential use of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate for the management of COVID-19.

COVID-19 manifests as a mild disease in most people but can progress to severe disease in nearly 20% of individuals. Disease progression is likely driven by a cytokine storm, either directly stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 or by increased systemic inflammation in which the gut might play an integral role. SARS-CoV-2 replication in the gut may cause increased intestinal permeability, alterations to the fecal microbiome, and increased inflammatory cytokines.

Evaluation of oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulins in HIV-infected patients with chronic idiopathic diarrhea.

Objectives To evaluate serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) for safety and impact on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in HIV patients with chronic idiopathic diarrhea. Methods A multi-center trial comprised of a double-blind, placebo (PBO)-controlled lead-in phase, (participants received PBO or SBI at 2.5 or 5.

Absorption and safety of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate in healthy adults.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that oral administration of bovine immunoglobulin protein preparations is safe and provides nutritional and intestinal health benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plasma amino acid response following a single dose of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) and whether bovine immunoglobulin G (IgG) is present in stool or in blood following multiple doses of SBI in healthy volunteers.

Methods: A total of 42 healthy adults were administered a single dose of placebo or SBI at one of three doses (5 g, 10 g, or 20 g) in blinded fashion and then continued on SBI (2.

Attenuation of Colitis by Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/Protein Isolate in a Defined Microbiota Mouse Model.

Background: The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex and multifaceted including genetic predisposition, environmental components, microbial dysbiosis, and inappropriate immune activation to microbial components. Pathogenic bacterial provocateurs like adherent and invasive E. coli have been reported to increase susceptibility to Crohn's disease.

Bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate binds pro-inflammatory bacterial compounds and prevents immune activation in an intestinal co-culture model.

Intestinal barrier dysfunction is associated with chronic gastrointestinal tract inflammation and diseases such as IBD and IBS. Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) is a specially formulated protein preparation (>90%) for oral administration. The composition of SBI is greater than 60% immunoglobulin including contributions from IgG, IgA, and IgM.

Use of a centrifugal bioreactor for cartilaginous tissue formation from isolated chondrocytes.

Although a centrifugal bioreactor (CCBR) supports high-density mammalian suspension cell cultures by balancing drag, buoyancy, and centrifugal forces, to date anchorage-dependent cultures have not been tried. Also, steady or intermittent hydrostatic pressures of 8 to 500 kPa, and shears of 0.02 to 1.

Polyelectrolyte multilayers in tissue engineering.

The layer-by-layer assembly of sequentially adsorbed, alternating polyelectrolytes has become increasingly important over the past two decades. The ease and versatility in assembling polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) has resulted in numerous wide ranging applications of these materials. More recently, PEMs are being used in biological applications ranging from biomaterials, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery.

Engineered three-dimensional liver mimics recapitulate critical rat-specific bile acid pathways.

A critical hepatic function is the maintenance of optimal bile acid (BA) compositions to achieve cholesterol homeostasis. BAs are rarely quantified to assess hepatic phenotype in vitro since existing analytical techniques have inadequate resolution. We report a detailed investigation into the biosynthesis and homeostasis of eight primary rat BAs in conventional in vitro hepatocyte cultures and in an engineered liver mimic.

Fluid flow through a high cell density fluidized-bed during centrifugal bioreactor culture.

An increasing demand for products such as tissues, proteins, and antibodies from mammalian cell suspension cultures is driving interest in increasing production through high-cell density bioreactors. The centrifugal bioreactor (CCBR) retains cells by balancing settling forces with surface drag forces due to medium throughput and is capable of maintaining cell densities above 10(8) cells/mL. This article builds on a previous study where the fluid mechanics of an empty CCBR were investigated showing fluid flow is nonuniform and dominated by Coriolis forces, raising concerns about nutrient and cell distribution.

Kinetic simulation of a centrifugal bioreactor for high population density hybridoma culture.

Demand for increasingly complex post-translationally modified proteins, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), necessitates the use of mammalian hosts for production. The focus of this article is a continuous centrifugal bioreactor (CCBR) capable of increasing volumetric productivity for mAb production through high density hybridoma culture, exceeding 10(8) cells/mL. At these extreme densities, environmental conditions such as substrate and inhibitor concentrations rapidly change dramatically affecting the growth rate.

A study of the Coriolis effect on the fluid flow profile in a centrifugal bioreactor.

Increasing demand for tissues, proteins, and antibodies derived from cell culture is necessitating the development and implementation of high cell density bioreactors. A system for studying high density culture is the centrifugal bioreactor (CCBR), which retains cells by increasing settling velocities through system rotation, thereby eliminating diffusional limitations associated with mechanical cell retention devices. This article focuses on the fluid mechanics of the CCBR system by considering Coriolis effects.

Engineering the stem cell microenvironment.

Multipotent stem cells in the body facilitate tissue regeneration, growth, and wound healing throughout life. The microenvironment in which they reside provides signals that direct these progenitors to proliferate, differentiate, or remain dormant; these factors include soluble molecules, the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells, and physical stimuli. Recent advances in the culture of embryonic stem cells and adult progenitors necessitate an increased understanding of these phenomena.

Model-based optimization of a conductive matrix enzyme electrode.

A mathematical model has been developed to describe the mechanism for internal mass transfer and enzyme reaction kinetics of an amperometric conductive matrix enzyme electrode. The model is simplified and solved analytically to arrive at a representation for the response slope in the linear range as well as for the response time. This is the first time that the response time of an enzyme electrode is described by a mathematical model.