Community-associated Clostridium difficile infection among older people in Tayside, Scotland, is associated with antibiotic exposure and care home residence: cohort study with nested case-control.

Objectives: To estimate the risks of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) among the population aged ≥ 65 years associated with antibiotic exposure and care home residence.

Population And Methods: We linked cases from a prospective study in Tayside, Scotland from 1 November 2008 to 31 October 2009 to population datasets to conduct a cohort study and a nested, matched (1 : 10 by age and gender) case-control study.

Results: There were 79,039 eligible residents.

Lethal outbreak of infection with Clostridium novyi type A and other spore-forming organisms in Scottish injecting drug users.

This report describes the investigation and management of an unprecedented outbreak of severe illness among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Scotland during April to August 2000. IDUs with severe soft tissue inflammation were prospectively sought among acute hospitals and a mortuary in Scotland. Cases were categorised as definite or probable: probable cases had severe injection site inflammation or multi-system failure; definite cases had both.