East Australian Current velocity, temperature and salinity data products.

The East Australian Current (EAC) is the complex, highly energetic western boundary current that flows along the east coast of Australia. The EAC and its associated turbulent eddies dominate the marine climate of the Coral and Tasman Seas and the eastern Australian continental shelf. Here we present a series of consistent EAC data products that combines in situ temperature, salinity and velocity observations from the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) EAC mooring array and North Stradbroke Island reference site.

Isotopic evidence for an intensified hydrological cycle in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean.

The hydrological cycle is expected to intensify in a warming climate. However, observational evidence of such changes in the Southern Ocean is difficult to obtain due to sparse measurements and a complex superposition of changes in precipitation, sea ice, and glacial meltwater. Here we disentangle these signals using a dataset of salinity and seawater oxygen isotope observations collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean.

A large-scale view of marine heatwaves revealed by archetype analysis.

Marine heatwaves can have disastrous impacts on ecosystems and marine industries. Given their potential consequences, it is important to understand how broad-scale climate variability influences the probability of localised extreme events. Here, we employ an advanced data-mining methodology, archetype analysis, to identify large scale patterns and teleconnections that lead to marine extremes in certain regions.

Observational Needs for Improving Ocean and Coupled Reanalysis, S2S Prediction, and Decadal Prediction.

Developments in observing system technologies and ocean data assimilation (DA) are symbiotic. New observation types lead to new DA methods and new DA methods, such as coupled DA, can change the value of existing observations or indicate where new observations can have greater utility for monitoring and prediction. Practitioners of DA are encouraged to make better use of observations that are already available, for example, taking advantage of strongly coupled DA so that ocean observations can be used to improve atmospheric analyses and vice versa.

The southern ocean meridional overturning in the sea-ice sector is driven by freshwater fluxes.

The oceans are traversed by a large-scale overturning circulation, essential for the climate system as it sets the rate at which the deep ocean interacts with the atmosphere. The main region where deep waters reach the surface is in the Southern Ocean, where they are transformed by interactions with the atmosphere and sea-ice. Here, we present an observation-based estimate of the rate of overturning sustained by surface buoyancy fluxes in the Southern Ocean sea-ice sector.

Use of a blocking primer allows selective amplification of bacterial DNA from microalgae cultures.

The production of algae is a crucial component of many aquaculture systems and the role of bacteria in this process is an important although complex one. We report the development of a new blocking primer that allowed PCR amplification of bacterial DNA in the presence of algal chloroplast DNA.