A Wrist-Worn Internet of Things Sensor Node for Wearable Equivalent Daylight Illuminance Monitoring.

Light exposure is a vital regulator of physiology and behavior in humans. However, monitoring of light exposure is not included in current wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and only recently have international standards defined [Formula: see text] -optic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) measures for how the eye responds to light. This article reports a wearable light sensor node that can be incorporated into the IoT to provide monitoring of EDI exposure in real-world settings.

Fully printed and multifunctional graphene-based wearable e-textiles for personalized healthcare applications.

Wearable e-textiles have gained huge tractions due to their potential for non-invasive health monitoring. However, manufacturing of multifunctional wearable e-textiles remains challenging, due to poor performance, comfortability, scalability, and cost. Here, we report a fully printed, highly conductive, flexible, and machine-washable e-textiles platform that stores energy and monitor physiological conditions including bio-signals.

Impact of shift working on the potential for self-powering via kinetic energy harvesting in wearable devices.

Wearable devices are having a transformative impact on personalised monitoring and care. However, they frequently have limited battery life, requiring charging every few days; a major source of user frustration. Kinetic energy harvesting may help overcome this, collecting energy from the user's motion to allow the device to self-charge.

Motion artefact removal in electroencephalography and electrocardiography by using multichannel inertial measurement units and adaptive filtering.

This paper presents a new active electrode design for electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors based on inertial measurement units to remove motion artefacts during signal acquisition. Rather than measuring motion data from a single source for the entire recording unit, inertial measurement units are attached to each individual EEG or ECG electrode to collect local movement data. This data is then used to remove the motion artefact by using normalised least mean square adaptive filtering.

Monitoring of Dynamic Plantar Foot Temperatures in Diabetes with Personalised 3D-Printed Wearables.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a life-changing complication of diabetes that can lead to amputation. There is increasing evidence that long-term management with wearables can reduce incidence and recurrence of this condition. Temperature asymmetry measurements can alert to DFU development, but measurements of dynamic information, such as rate of temperature change, are under investigated.

A Graphene-Based Sleep Mask for Comfortable Wearable Eye Tracking.

We present a new wearable electrooculogram (EOG) monitor for measuring eye movements. We fabricated conductive and flexible graphene-based textiles from nylon to use as a sensing electrode, which we then integrated into a commercially available eye mask held in place only with the standard elastic strap. We tested this mask on 4 participants to quantify the noise floor and show that we can detect eye blinks to a high SNR of over 16 dB.

Flexible 3D-Printed EEG Electrodes.

For electroencephalography (EEG) in haired regions of the head, finger-based electrodes have been proposed in order to part the hair and make a direct contact with the scalp. Previous work has demonstrated 3D-printed fingered electrodes to allow personalisation and different configurations of electrodes to be used for different people or for different parts of the head. This paper presents flexible 3D-printed EEG electrodes for the first time.

Performance of graphene ECG electrodes under varying conditions.

Smart garments for invisible health sensing have been available for a number of years, with heart sensing typically performed using silver loaded conductive threads integrated into the fabric to pick up the electrocardiogram. Recent work has investigated printed graphene textiles as an alternative to this, which are potentially more environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and can be performed after garment manufacturing. This paper presents an exploration of second order factors on the performance of graphene textile electrodes for electrocardiogram measurements.

Optimizing Energy Harvesting for Foot Based Wearable Sensors.

Wearable devices have the potential to improve healthcare, but suffer from significant barriers to adoption, including the need for constant recharging. Harvesting energy from the ambient environment to top-up batteries can overcome this, but the actual energy available is very small, and hence it is critical that the whole system is highly optimized. This paper presents an investigation into the optimization of inertial energy harvesters for placement at the human foot.

Left Ventricular Assist Device Management in the Emergency Department.

The prevalence of patients living with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is rapidly increasing due to improvements in pump technology, limiting the adverse event profile, and to expanding device indications. To date, over 22,000 patients have been implanted with LVADs either as destination therapy or as a bridge to transplant. It is critical for emergency physicians to be knowledgeable of current ventricular assist devices (VAD), and to be able to troubleshoot associated complications and optimally treat patients with emergent pathology.

Chief complaint-based performance measures: a new focus for acute care quality measurement.

Performance measures are increasingly important to guide meaningful quality improvement efforts and value-based reimbursement. Populations included in most current hospital performance measures are defined by recorded diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes in administrative claims data. Although the diagnosis-centric approach allows the assessment of disease-specific quality, it fails to measure one of the primary functions of emergency department (ED) care, which involves diagnosing, risk stratifying, and treating patients' potentially life-threatening conditions according to symptoms (ie, chief complaints).

Interunit handoffs of patients and transfers of information: a survey of current practices.

Study Objective: We describe the current state of emergency department to inpatient handoffs and assess handoff best practices between emergency physicians and hospitalist medicine physicians.

Methods: A survey was distributed electronically to emergency medicine and internal medicine physicians at 10 hospitals across the United States. Descriptive and quantitative analysis was performed on survey results.

Improving interunit transitions of care between emergency physicians and hospital medicine physicians: a conceptual approach.

Patient care transitions across specialties involve more complexity than those within the same specialty, yet the unique social and technical features remain underexplored. Further, little consensus exists among researchers and practitioners about strategies to improve interspecialty communication. This concept article addresses these gaps by focusing on the hand-off process between emergency and hospital medicine physicians.

Improving handoffs in the emergency department.

Patient handoffs at shift change are a ubiquitous and potentially hazardous process in emergency care. As crowding and lengthy evaluations become the standard for an increasing proportion of emergency departments (EDs), the number of patients handed off will likely increase. It is critical now more than ever before to ensure that handoffs supply valid and useful shared understandings between providers at transitions of care.

Emergency department digital radiology: moving from photos to pixels.

Emergency department (ED) patient care relies heavily on radiologic imaging. As advances in technologic innovation continue to present opportunities to streamline and simplify the delivery of care, emergency medicine (EM) practitioners face the challenge of transitioning from a system of primarily film-based radiography to one that utilizes digitized images. The move to digital radiology can result in enhanced quality of patient care, reduction of errors, and increased ED efficiency; however, making this transition will necessarily involve changes in EM practice.

Undiagnosed hypertension in the ED setting--an unrecognized opportunity by emergency nurses.

Introduction: Hypertension is often undiagnosed, untreated, undertreated, and poorly controlled. Many patients use the emergency department as their primary source of health care, and the emergency department represents an opportunity to identify undiagnosed hypertension. We sought to (1) identify the prevalence of elevated blood pressures in low-acuity patients and (2) describe the existing practice of reassessment, treatment, and referral of abnormal vital signs in these patients.

Clinical operations in academic emergency medicine.

The operations of an emergency department are increasingly being recognized as vital to the provision of safe, efficient, quality care. The numerous and highly variable processes that characterize our system must be closely examined and investigated to identify those which are effective and those which are not. Original research in this field should be promoted and embraced by our society for both our patients and our profession.

Profiles in patient safety: emergency care transitions.

A 59-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) with the chief complaint of "panic attacks." In total, he was evaluated by 14 faculty physicians, 2 fellows, and 16 residents from emergency medicine, cardiology, neurology, psychiatry, and internal medicine. These multiple transitions were responsible, in part, for the perpetuation of a failure to accurately diagnose the patient's underlying medical illness.