Breaking the Mould: Comparing 3D-Printed and Composite Bone Models in Orthopaedic Training.

Background and aim Synthetic composite bone models (reinforced solid foam) have become the standardised material used in practical orthopaedic education. However, with discussions regarding whether composite foam truly replicates human bone, there has been a drive to explore other available models. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has risen in both popularity and availability, providing a new option in the creation of anatomically accurate bone models.

Management of open elbow fractures: experiences and outcomes from a UK major trauma center.

Hypothesis And Background: Open fractures about the elbow are an infrequent but complex injury with limited existing literature. The aims of the study were to review the treatment strategies of open elbows fractures, functional outcome and complication rates associated with the injury, and correlate the outcome with the topography of the fracture.

Methods: Patients (n = 21) with open elbow fractures injuries over a 2-year period were analyzed.

Electrostatic control of thickness and stiffness in a designed protein fiber.

Attempts to design peptide-based fibers from first principles test our understanding of protein folding and assembly, and potentially provide routes to new biomaterials. Several groups have presented such designs based on alpha-helical and beta-strand building blocks. A key issue is this area now is engineering and controlling fiber morphology and related properties.