Procrastination and health: A longitudinal test of the roles of stress and health behaviours.

Objectives: Procrastination is a common form of self-regulation failure that a growing evidence base suggests can confer risk for poor health outcomes, especially when it becomes habitual. However, the proposed linkages of chronic procrastination to health outcomes have not been tested over time or accounted for the contributions of higher-order personality factors linked to both chronic procrastination and health-related outcomes. We addressed these issues by examining the role of chronic procrastination in health outcomes over time in which the hypothesized links of procrastination to health problems operate via stress and health behaviours.

Why are newly qualified motorists at high crash risk? Modelling driving behaviours across the first six months of driving.

Objective: Novice driver crash risk diminishes steeply over the first few months of driving. We explore the characteristics of driving over this period to identify behaviours that might underlie this change in risk.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1456 UK drivers aged 17-21 within six months of gaining their licence.

The perfect recovery? Interactive influence of perfectionism and spillover work tasks on changes in exhaustion and mood around a vacation.

This study examined week-level changes in affective well-being among school teachers as they transitioned into and out of a 1-week vacation. In addition, we investigated the interactive influence of personality characteristics (specifically ) and spillover work activities during the vacation on changes in teachers' well-being. A sample of 224 teachers completed study measures across 7 consecutive weeks, spanning the period before, during, and after a midterm vacation (providing a total of 1,525 responses across the study period).

Campylobacter infection and household factors are associated with childhood growth in urban Bangladesh: An analysis of the MAL-ED study.

The dual burden of enteric infection and childhood malnutrition continues to be a global health concern and a leading cause of morbidity and death among children. Campylobacter infection, in particular, is highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh. We examined longitudinal data to evaluate the trajectories of change in child growth, and to identify associations with Campylobacter infection and household factors.

Mechanisms underlying social gradients in child and adolescent antisocial behaviour.

Objective: A number of studies demonstrate a social gradient in behavioural problems, with children from low-socioeconomic backgrounds experiencing more behavioural difficulties than those from high-socioeconomic families. Antisocial behaviour is a heterogeneous concept which includes diverse behaviours such as physical fighting, vandalism, lying, disobedience and irritability. It remains unclear whether the mechanisms underlying social inequalities are similar across these different subtypes of antisocial behaviour.

Job crafting revisited: Implications of an extended framework for active changes at work.

Employees often self-initiate changes to their jobs, a process referred to as job crafting, yet we know little about why and how they initiate such changes. In this paper, we introduce and test an extended framework for job crafting, incorporating individuals' needs and regulatory focus. Our theoretical model posits that individual needs provide employees with the motivation to engage in distinct job-crafting strategies-task, relationship, skill, and cognitive crafting-and that work-related regulatory focus will be associated with promotion- or prevention-oriented forms of these strategies.

Why do drivers become safer over the first three months of driving? A longitudinal qualitative study.

Drivers are at high crash risk when they begin independent driving, with liability decreasing steeply over the first three months. Their behavioural development, and other changes underlying improved safety are not well understood. We adopted an innovative longitudinal qualitative design, with thirteen newly qualified drivers completing a total of 36 semi-structured interviews, one, two and three months after acquiring a full UK driving license.

Income gradients within child and adolescent antisocial behaviours.

Background: Low income is a widely studied risk factor for child and adolescent behavioural difficulties. Previous research on this relationship has produced mixed findings.

Aims: To investigate the level, shape and homogeneity of income gradients in different types of antisocial behaviour.

Socioeconomic status and antisocial behaviour among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Previous research on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and child and adolescent antisocial behaviour has produced mixed findings showing variation in the strength of association. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise evidence on the relationship between socioeconomic status and broadly conceptualised antisocial behaviour, investigating variation across a range of antisocial subtypes and other potential moderators, including age, sex and informant. We identified 133 studies containing data suitable for effect size calculation, and 139 independent effect sizes were analysed (total N=339868).

Social gradients in child and adolescent antisocial behavior: a systematic review protocol.

Background: The relationship between social position and physical health is well-established across a range of studies. The evidence base regarding social position and mental health is less well developed, particularly regarding the development of antisocial behavior. Some evidence demonstrates a social gradient in behavioral problems, with children from low-socioeconomic backgrounds experiencing more behavioral difficulties than children from high-socioeconomic families.

Work characteristics, musculoskeletal disorders, and the mediating role of psychological strain: a study of call center employees.

The demands of the modern office are thought to contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders. For upper body and lower back disorders, these effects are hypothesized to be mediated by psychological strain. A study of 936 employees from 22 call centers supports this hypothesis.

Quality of life in children newly diagnosed with cancer and their mothers.

Background: With current treatments, approximately 75% of children diagnosed with cancer can expect to achieve disease-free survival. However, treatments are complex and aggressive, potentially compromising QOL for children and their parents. Although previous work has shown increased anxiety and depression among parents after diagnosis, the recent development of standardised measures of QOL enables us to look more directly at the impact of diagnosis on mothers' and children's QOL.