From sight to sequence: Underwater visual census vs environmental DNA metabarcoding for the monitoring of taxonomic and functional fish diversity.

Fish monitoring is essential for assessing the effects of natural and anthropic stressors on marine ecosystems. In this context, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding appears to be a promising tool, due to its efficiency in species detection. However, before this method can be fully implemented in monitoring programs, more studies are needed to evaluate its ability to assess the composition of fish assemblages compared with traditional survey methods that have been used for decades.

Differential warming at crown scale impacts walnut primary growth onset and secondary growth rate.

Trees are exposed to significant spatio-temporal thermal variations, which can induce intra-crown discrepancies in the onset and dynamics of primary and secondary growth. In recent decades, an increase in late winter and early spring temperatures has been observed, potentially accelerating bud break, cambial activation, and their coordination. Intra-crown temperature heterogeneities could lead to asymmetric tree shapes unless there is a compensatory mechanism at the crown level.