A Comprehensive Review on Social Inequalities and Pregnancy Outcome-Identification of Relevant Pathways and Mechanisms.

Scientific literature tends to support the idea that the pregnancy and health status of fetuses and newborns can be affected by maternal, parental, and contextual characteristics. In addition, a growing body of evidence reports that social determinants, measured at individual and/or aggregated level(s), play a crucial role in fetal and newborn health. Numerous studies have found social factors (including maternal age and education, marital status, pregnancy intention, and socioeconomic status) to be linked to poor birth outcomes.

Physical activity and gestational weight gain: a systematic review of observational studies.

Background: Now that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is recognized as leading to complications during pregnancy that affect foetal growth, limiting weight gain during pregnancy has become a public health concern. Our aim was to perform a systematic review to assess whether observational studies reported associations between Physical Activity (PA) and Gestational Weight Gain (GWG). We were particularly interested in whether insufficient PA might be associated with high GWG.

Study protocol to explore the social effects of environmental exposure and lifestyle behaviours on pregnancy outcome: an overview of cohort of pregnant women study.

Introduction: A growing number of international studies have highlighted the adverse consequences of lived experience in the first thousand days of pregnancy and early life on the probability of stillbirth, child mortality, inadequate growth and healthy development during both childhood and adulthood. The lived experience of the fetus inside the womb and at the birth is strongly related to both maternal health during pregnancy and maternal exposure to a set of environmental factors known as 'exposome' characteristics, which include environmental exposure, health behaviours, living conditions, neighbourhood characteristics and socioeconomic profile. The aim of our project is to explore the relationships between exposome characteristics and the health status of pregnant women and their newborns.

Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NO and PM Exposure: European Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is a growing number of international studies on the association between ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and this systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted focusing on European countries, to assess the crucial public health issue of this suspected association on this geographical area. A systematic literature search (based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA, guidelines) has been performed on all European epidemiological studies published up until 1 April 2020, on the association between maternal exposure during pregnancy to nitrogen dioxide (NO) or particular matter (PM) and the risk of adverse birth outcomes, including: low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). Fourteen articles were included in the systematic review and nine of them were included in the meta-analysis.

Differential Associations of Walking and Cycling with Body Weight, Body Fat and Fat Distribution - the ACTI-Cités Project.

Background: Research on the associations between walking and cycling with obesity-related phenotypes is growing but relies mostly on the use of BMI. The purpose of this study was to analyze associations of walking and cycling behaviors assessed separately with various obesity markers in French adults.

Methods: In 12,776 adult participants (71.

Individual, Social, and Environmental Correlates of Active Transportation Patterns in French Women.

The objectives were (1) to define physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) patterns in daily life contexts (work, leisure, and transportation) in French working women from NutriNet-Santé web-cohort and (2) to identify pattern(s) of active transportation and their individual, social, and environmental correlates. 23,432 participants completed two questionnaires to evaluate PA and SB in daily life contexts and individual representations of residential neighborhood and transportation modes. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed which identified 6 distinct movement behavior patterns: (i) active occupation, high sedentary leisure, (ii) sedentary occupation, low leisure, (iii) sedentary transportation, (iv) sedentary occupation and leisure, (v) active transportation, and (vi) active leisure.

Neighborhood educational disparities in active commuting among women: the effect of distance between the place of residence and the place of work/study (an ACTI-Cités study).

Background: Active transportation has been associated with favorable health outcomes. Previous research highlighted the influence of neighborhood educational level on active transportation. However, little is known regarding the effect of commuting distance on social disparities in active commuting.

Active Mobility and Environment: A Pilot Qualitative Study for the Design of a New Questionnaire.

It is generally accepted that active mobility, mainly walking and cycling, contributes to people's physical and mental health. One of the current challenges is to improve our understanding of this type of behaviour. This study aims to identify factors from the daily-life environment that may be related to active mobility behaviours, in order to design a new questionnaire for a quantitative study of a large adult population.

Socioeconomic Indicators Are Independently Associated with Nutrient Intake in French Adults: A DEDIPAC Study.

Studies have suggested differential associations of specific indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) with nutrient intake and a cumulative effect of these indicators on diet. We investigated the independent association of SEP indicators (education, income, occupation) with nutrient intake and their effect modification. This cross-sectional analysis included 91,900 French adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Walking and cycling for commuting, leisure and errands: relations with individual characteristics and leisure-time physical activity in a cross-sectional survey (the ACTI-Cités project).

Background: Increasing active transport behavior (walking, cycling) throughout the life-course is a key element of physical activity promotion for health. There is, however, a need to better understand the correlates of specific domains of walking and cycling to identify more precisely at-risk populations for public health interventions. In addition, current knowledge of interactions between domains of walking and cycling remains limited.

Spatial heterogeneity of the relationships between environmental characteristics and active commuting: towards a locally varying social ecological model.

Background: According to the social ecological model of health-related behaviors, it is now well accepted that environmental factors influence habitual physical activity. Most previous studies on physical activity determinants have assumed spatial homogeneity across the study area, i.e.

Descriptive study of sedentary behaviours in 35,444 French working adults: cross-sectional findings from the ACTI-Cités study.

Background: Given the unfavourable health outcomes associated with sedentary behaviours, there is a need to better understand the context in which these behaviours take place to better address this public health concern. We explored self-reported sedentary behaviours by type of day (work/non-work), occupation, and perceptions towards physical activity, in a large sample of adults.

Methods: We assessed sedentary behaviours cross-sectionally in 35,444 working adults (mean ± SD age: 44.