Regurgitation quantification using 3D PISA in volume echocardiography.

We present the first system for measurement of proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) on a 3D ultrasound acquisition using modified ultrasound hardware, volumetric image segmentation and a simple efficient workflow. Accurate measurement of the PISA in 3D flow through a valve is an emerging method for quantitatively assessing cardiac valve regurgitation and function. Current state of the art protocols for assessing regurgitant flow require laborious and time consuming user interaction with the data, where a precise execution is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.

Towards guidance of electrophysiological procedures with real-time 3D intracardiac echocardiography fusion to C-arm CT.

This paper describes a novel method for improving the navigation and guidance of devices and catheters in electrophysiology and interventional cardiology procedures using volumetric data fusion. The clinical workflow includes the acquisition and reconstruction of CT data from a C-arm X-ray angiographic system and the real-time acquisition of volumetric ultrasound datasets with a new intracardiac real-time 3D ultrasound catheter. Mono- and multi-modal volumetric registration methods, as well as visualization modes, that are suitable for real-time fusion are described, which are the key components of this work.