Thermoablative Treatment of De Novo Tumor in Kidney Allograft.

Background: The overall cancer risk increases in transplant patients, including in kidney allografts. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of patients with kidney allograft malignant tumors who underwent percutaneous thermal ablation.

Methods: We included 26 renal allograft tumors, including 7 clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCCs), 16 papillary RCCs, 1 clear-cell papillary RCC, and 2 tubulocystic RCCs, treated in 19 ablation sessions.

Contrast enhancement early after renal malignancy cryoablation: imaging findings associated with benignity.

Objectives: Contrast enhancement by MRI done early after cryoablation for renal malignancies may suggest residual tumor (RT). However, we have observed MRI enhancement within 48 h of cryoablation in patients who had no contrast enhancement 6 weeks later. Our purpose was to identify features of 48-h contrast enhancement in patients without RT.

Percutaneous Thermal Ablation for Renal Tumors in Patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome.

BHD syndrome is characterized by an increased risk of bilateral and multifocal renal cell carcinoma (RCCs), but is rarely metastatic. Our report aims to analyze the outcome of patients with BHD syndrome who underwent percutaneous thermal ablation (TA). The present report included six BHD syndrome patients (five men) with a mean age of 66 ± 11 (SD) years who had a proven germline FLCN gene mutation and underwent TA for a renal tumor.

Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Addition to Cross-Sectional Imaging for Indeterminate Renal Cysts May Lead to Overclassification in Bosniak III Category: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Indeterminate renal cysts may require several imaging modalities before clinical decision. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the imaging modality used to characterize indeterminate renal cysts on the pathological findings after surgical resection.

Methods: From our institutional database, we identified all patients surgically treated for Bosniak III renal masses between January 2008 and January 2018.

Percutaneous Ablation Versus Robotic Partial Nephrectomy in the Treatment of cT1b Renal Tumors: Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of a Propensity Score-weighted Analysis.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess oncologic and functional outcomes of both percutaneous ablation (cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation) and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in the treatment of renal tumors larger than 4 cm.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data from 102 consecutive patients, who underwent minimally invasive treatment for cT1b renal tumors at our institution. Primary renal function outcome was assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate preservation at baseline and 1 year postoperatively.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Primary Immunodeficiencies.

Purpose: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare but severe demyelinating disease caused by the polyomavirus JC (JCV) in immunocompromised patients. We report a series of patients with primary immune deficiencies (PIDs) who developed PML.

Methods: Retrospective observational study including PID patients with PML.

Imaging of Human Neurolisteriosis: A Prospective Study of 71 Cases.

Background: Neurolisteriosis ranks among the most severe neurological infections. Its radiological features have not been thoroughly studied. We describe here the neuroradiological features of neurolisteriosis and assess their prognostic value.

Clinical Assessment of a Nocardia PCR-Based Assay for Diagnosis of Nocardiosis.

The diagnosis of nocardiosis, a severe opportunistic infection, is challenging. We assessed the specificity and sensitivity of a 16S rRNA PCR-based assay performed on clinical samples. In this multicenter study (January 2014 to April 2015), patients who were admitted to three hospitals and had an underlying condition favoring nocardiosis, clinical and radiological signs consistent with nocardiosis, and a PCR assay result for a clinical sample were included.

Pathological heterogeneity in sporadic synchronous renal tumors: Is the histological concordance predictable?

Objective: To evaluate the pathological concordance rate of multiple synchronous renal masses (MSRM) presumed to be sporadic and to analyze predictive factors of concordance.

Material And Methods: We identified from our institutional database patients with sporadic MSRM treated at our center between January 2000 and December 2015. All tumors were reviewed by a dedicated uropathologist.

Ablative Therapies for Renal Tumors: Patient Selection, Treatment Planning, and Follow-Up.

The increased use of abdominal imaging has led to a major increase in small renal tumors incidence particularly in the elderly population. Their management is evolving with the development of percutaneous ablation, particularly radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and microwave ablation. The typical indications that must be validated by a multidisciplinary committee include solid tumors less than 3cm in patients with multiple comorbidity factors (including age), contraindications to surgery, hereditary renal cancer, bilateral renal tumors, solitary kidney, pre-existing chronic kidney disease, or at high risk of predialysis renal function after partial nephrectomy.

A Practical Approach to Indeterminate and Cystic Renal Masses.

Cystic renal masses are a common entity with a wide differential diagnosis encountered by the radiologist in daily practice. Their characterization relies on the Bosniak classification system that has been widely accepted by radiologists and urologists as a pertinent diagnostic and communication tool. It has been designed to separate cystic lesions requiring surgery (categories III and IV) from those that can be ignored and left alone (categories I and II) or followed (category IIF).

CT and MR imaging of multilocular acinar cell cystadenoma: comparison with branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMNs).

Objectives: To describe CT and MR imaging findings of acinar cell cystadenoma (ACC) of the pancreas and to compare them with those of branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (BD-IPMN) to identify distinctive elements.

Methods: Five patients with ACC and the 20 consecutive patients with histologically proven BD-IPMN were retrospectively included. Clinical and biological information was collected and histological data reviewed.