Dysregulation of Wnt signaling in bone of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic Charcot arthropathy.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients show a markedly higher fracture risk and impaired fracture healing when compared to non-diabetic patients. However in contrast to type 1 diabetes mellitus, bone mineral density in T2DM is known to be normal or even regionally elevated, also known as diabetic bone disease. Charcot arthropathy is a severe and challenging complication leading to bone destruction and mutilating bone deformities.

Effect of different orthotic concepts as first line treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Background: Evaluation of the effectiveness of three different types of prefabricated foot orthotics in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Methods: Prospective, randomized head-to-head trial in 30 adults (21 women, 9 men) with plantar fasciitis without any anatomic alterations. Three different prefabricated orthotics were tested (thin, non supportive orthotic (NO); soft supportive foam orthotic (FO); foam covered rigid self-supporting plastic orthotic (PO)).