Limits in the Perception of Facial Symmetry-A Prospective Study.

It is generally accepted that the symmetry of the face plays a significant role in the visual perception of its attractiveness. Therefore, its objective assessment could be useful for individual therapy planning. However, there is an ongoing debate about whether completely symmetrical faces are less attractive than those with minor deviations.

Perception and Acceptance of Shade Variances in the Smile.

(1) This study aimed to evaluate the influences of differences in denture teeth shade on harmony ratings and esthetic quality. Particular attention was paid to the question of how the overall variance of shade differences in the dental arch influences the perception of shade differences between adjacent teeth. (2) A total of 51 pictures of upper front teeth with standardized different colors of the left central incisor and different color variance of the dental arch were created.

Comparison of the Accuracy of a Mounting Fixture for Dental Implants for Implant Position Transfer and Open-Tray Implant Level Impression-An In Vitro Study.

The accuracy for the implant position transfer of a mounting fixture and a standardized open-tray implant level impression was compared. Ten aluminum master models with four implant analogs placed in different angulations were fabricated. By performing an open-tray implant level impression stone casts were produced.

Cross Sectional Analysis of Eurasian Skull Anatomy for 3D Cephalometry-Normative Data Reveal Four Different Skull Types.

The unsolved problem in three-dimensional surgical planning for patients with facial deformity, dysgnathia, or asymmetry is the lack of a normative database of "norm skulls" that can be used as treatment objectives. A study was conducted on 90 Eurasian persons (46 male and 44 female adults) for whom cone beam-computed tomography images were available. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with a skeletal Class I pattern, proper interincisal relationship with normal occlusion, the absence of an open bite both in the anterior and posterior region, and a normal and balanced facial appearance; patients with dysgnathia and malformations were excluded.

In vitro measurement of the retention force of two stud attachment systems during cyclic load.

Purpose: To investigate the retentive behavior of the Locator legacy and Novaloc attachment systems with different retention inserts both within and across systems under cyclic load.

Materials And Methods: Three retention inserts of each system (green, yellow, and white for Novaloc; green, orange, and red inserts for extended range for legacy Locator) were tested on abutments of both systems with a sample number of 10 per force and 10,000 cycles of insertion and removal. The loading was applied in the axial direction of the abutments, which were placed in artificial saliva.

Assessment of facial and cranial symmetry in infants with deformational plagiocephaly undergoing molding helmet therapy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects on facial and cranial symmetry through molding helmet therapy in infants with positional plagiocephaly. A 3D asymmetry index (3DAI), which measures both cranial and facial symmetry, was introduced and compared to the Cranial Vault Asymmetry Index (CVAI).

Material & Methods: Optical 3D-scans of children with positional plagiocephaly were evaluated retrospectively.

Facial and midfacial symmetry in cleft patients: Comparison to non-cleft children and influence of the primary treatment concept.

Purpose: Patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate (CLAP) may suffer from marked asymmetry with an impact on attractiveness and psychosocial aspects. The aim of this study was to assess symmetry in CLAP patients compared to non-cleft controls of similar age with regard to cleft type and treatment concept.

Materials And Methods: In CLAP patients with different cleft forms and in healthy non-cleft subjects (control group) a three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric face scan was performed and an objective 3D asymmetry index (AI) was calculated for the whole face, the midface, the upper lip and the nose.

Computer-aided design of facial prostheses by means of 3D-data acquisition and following symmetry analysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a method of designing digital models of facial prostheses was suitable for patients with orbital defects. 32 patients were included in a retrospective study. 23 of them already had a facial prosthesis.

Measured symmetry of facial 3D shape and perceived facial symmetry and attractiveness before and after orthognathic surgery.

One aim of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery is to strive for an esthetical appearance. Do facial symmetry and attractiveness correlate? How are they affected by surgery? Within this study faces of patients with orthognathic surgery were captured and analyzed regarding their symmetry. A total of 25 faces of patients were measured three-dimensionally by an optical sensor using the fringe projection technique before and after orthognathic surgery.

Measuring facial symmetry: a perception-based approach using 3D shape and color.

Objective: Facial symmetry is an important factor affecting esthetics. Thus, its restoration is an essential task in maxillofacial surgery. The aim of this study is to develop an objective measure of facial asymmetry by a novel approach where both the shape and the color are taken into account and to validate its correlation with perception.

2D and 3D analysis methods of facial asymmetry in comparison.

Symmetry is a significant factor, among others, influencing the attractiveness of human faces. Hence its restoration is an essential task in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Until recently, most of the techniques to objectively quantify the facial asymmetry were based on the evaluation of two-dimensional data, i.

Quantification of facial asymmetry by 2D analysis - A comparison of recent approaches.

Introduction: Symmetry has been found to play a crucial role in attractiveness assessment and so its restoration is an essential problem in oral maxillofacial surgery. This paper presents an overview of recent 2D asymmetry analysis techniques. These are techniques which are based on the evaluation of two-dimensional data, like photos.

Image-based extracorporeal tissue engineering of individualized bone constructs.

Purpose: Computer-aided technologies have been recently employed for use in extracorporeal bone tissue engineering strategies. In this pilot animal experimental study, the intention was to test whether autologous osteoblast-like cells cultured in vitro on individualized scaffolds can be used to support bone regeneration in a clinical environment.

Materials And Methods: For this purpose, mandibular bone defects were surgically introduced into the mandibles of minipigs and the scaffold of the defect site was modeled by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technique.

Spectral analysis of /s/ sound with changing angulation of the maxillary central incisors.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to measure the influence of the maxillary central incisors free from adaptation phenomena using spectral analysis.

Materials And Methods: The maxillary dentures of 18 subjects were duplicated. The central incisors were fixed in a pivoting appliance so that their position could be changed from labial to palatal direction.

Optical data acquisition for computer-assisted design of facial prostheses.

Purpose: The conventional impression technique for manufacturing facial prostheses has the disadvantage of deforming the soft tissues because of the tension caused by the impression material, as well as causing discomfort to the patient. The purpose of this study was to establish a system that allows contact-free reproduction of the facial surface combined with computer-assisted design and fabrication of facial prostheses.

Materials And Methods: Three-dimensional data of the facial surface were obtained using an optical acquisition system based on the method of phase-measuring profilometry.

Bone loading pattern around implants in average and atrophic edentulous maxillae: a finite-element analysis.

Introduction: Oral implants placed in the maxilla, especially the posterior region, have a lower success rate than those placed in the mandible. Poor bone quantity and quality have been suggested as a reason for this differential success rate. Objective: The purpose of this study was, therefore, to evaluate stress and strain distributions around loaded implants in the normal and atrophic maxilla by finite-element (FE) analyses.