Chemotherapy-associated oral microbiome changes in breast cancer patients.

Cytotoxic chemotherapy with or without a combination of humanized monoclonal antibodies is regarded as the gold standard of personalized medicine for the treatment of breast cancer patients. Significant medication-related side effects are common accompanying phenomena for these patients, such as oral discomfort, mucositis, or even osteonecrosis of the jaw. In this study, we analyze the saliva samples of 20 breast cancer patients at three time points throughout their chemotherapy: at the baseline prior to treatment initiation (T1), after four-to-six cycles of chemotherapy (T2), and 1 year after the start of the treatment (T3) to investigate and characterize the long-term effects of chemotherapy on the oral microbiome.

Complementary omics strategies to dissect p53 signaling networks under nutrient stress.

Signaling trough p53is a major cellular stress response mechanism and increases upon nutrient stresses such as starvation. Here, we show in a human hepatoma cell line that starvation leads to robust nuclear p53 stabilization. Using BioID, we determine the cytoplasmic p53 interaction network within the immediate-early starvation response and show that p53 is dissociated from several metabolic enzymes and the kinase PAK2 for which direct binding with the p53 DNA-binding domain was confirmed with NMR studies.

Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Loss Promotes a Metabolic Switch in A549 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Spheroids.

Cancer cells undergo complex metabolic adaptations to survive and thrive in challenging environments. This is particularly prominent for solid tumors, where cells in the core of the tumor are under severe hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. However, such conditions are often not recapitulated in the typical 2D in vitro cancer models, where oxygen as well as nutrient exposure is quite uniform.

Irreversible oxidative post-translational modifications in heart disease.

: Development of specific biomarkers aiding early diagnosis of heart failure is an ongoing challenge. Biomarkers commonly used in clinical routine usually act as readouts of an already existing acute condition rather than disease initiation. Functional decline of cardiac muscle is greatly aggravated by increased oxidative stress and damage of proteins.

Distinct differences in self-assembly of aromatic linear dicarboxylic acids.

Self-assembly into two-dimensionally ordered supramolecular structures of three aromatic dicarboxylic acids-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDA), 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid (BPDA), and 4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid (SDA)-is studied at the liquid-solid interface by scanning tunneling microscopy. All compounds possess structural similarities, namely, two interconnected aromatic moieties and functionalization through two carboxylic groups in linear configuration. For all molecules, ordered monolayers were observed on a graphite substrate, and the resulting structures can be described as a dense packing of one-dimensionally hydrogen-bonded rows.