Process Parameter Prediction for Fused Deposition Modeling Using Invertible Neural Networks.

Additive manufacturing has revolutionized prototyping and small-scale production in the past years. By creating parts layer by layer, a tool-less production technology is established, which allows for rapid adaption of the manufacturing process and customization of the product. However, the geometric freedom of the technologies comes with a large number of process parameters, especially in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), all of which influence the resulting part's properties.

Kinematic draping simulation optimization of a composite B-pillar geometry using particle swarm optimization.

The present work presents an algorithmic approach to determine the optimal starting point for any complex geometry draping processes. The time-efficient Kinematic Draping Simulation (KDS) is used to assess the drapability of a geometry depending on many different starting points. The optimization problem is then solved by applying Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).

The large GTPase Mx1 is involved in apical transport in MDCK cells.

In epithelial cells apical proteins are transported by specific transport carriers to the correct membrane domain. The composition of these carriers is heterogeneous and comprises components such as motor proteins, annexins, lectins, Rab GTPases and cargo molecules. Here, we provide biochemical and fluorescence microscopic data to show that the dynamin-related large GTPase Mx1 is a component of post-Golgi vesicles carrying the neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) .

pH-dependent recycling of galectin-3 at the apical membrane of epithelial cells.

The β-galactoside binding protein galectin-3 is highly expressed in a variety of epithelial cell lines. Polarized MDCK cells secrete this lectin predominantly into the apical medium by non-classical secretion. Once within the apical extracellular milieu, galectin-3 can re-enter the cell followed by passage through endosomal organelles and modulate apical protein sorting.

Changes in the expression and subcellular distribution of galectin-3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, a solid growing tumor, is the most common tumor in human kidney. Evaluating the usefulness of β-galactoside binding galectin-3 as a diagnostic marker for this type of cancer could open avenues for preventive and therapeutic strategies by employing specific inhibitors of the lectin. To study a putative correlation between the extent of galectin-3 and the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, we monitored the quantity and distribution of this lectin in tissue samples from 39 patients.

Trafficking of galectin-3 through endosomal organelles of polarized and non-polarized cells.

In epithelial cells, the β-galactoside-binding lectin galectin-3 mediates the non-raft-dependent glycoprotein targeting to the apical membrane domain. In this study, we aimed to identify intracellular compartments involved in the trafficking of galectin-3. By studying fluorescent fusion proteins in living cells, we could show that galectin-3 accumulates intracellularly in acidified endosomes.

Surgery for metastatic urothelial carcinoma with curative intent: the German experience (AUO AB 30/05).

Background: Recent publications suggest a benefit from surgical removal of urothelial carcinoma metastases (UCM) for a subgroup of patients.

Objective: We report the combined experience and outcome of patients undergoing resection of UCM gained at 15 uro-oncologic centers in Germany.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective survey of 44 patients with distant UCM of the bladder or upper urinary tract who underwent complete resection of all detectable metastases in 15 different German uro-oncological centers between 1991 and 2008.

Apical sorting by galectin-3-dependent glycoprotein clustering.

Epithelial cells are characterized by their polarized organization based on an apical membrane that is separated from the basolateral membrane domain by tight junctions. Maintenance of this morphology is guaranteed by highly specific sorting machinery that separates lipids and proteins into different carrier populations for the apical or basolateral cell surface. Lipid-raft-independent apical carrier vesicles harbour the beta-galactoside-binding lectin galectin-3, which interacts directly with apical cargo in a glycan-dependent manner.