Long-Term Efficacy Following Intra-articular Injection of Carboxymethyl-chitosan, a New Product Class for Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from an Observational Study in Germany.

Introduction: Evaluate the real-world efficacy of a single intra-articular injection of carboxymethyl-chitosan (CM-chitosan), a new product class for knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: This post-marketing study included adult patients with knee OA, who received a single injection of 60 mg CM-chitosan (currently marketed as KioMedineone) according to the instructions for use. Follow-up was performed at weeks 1, 12, 24, and 36.

Indirect dynamics in a highly exoergic substitution reaction.

The highly exoergic nucleophilic substitution reaction F(-) + CH3I shows reaction dynamics strikingly different from that of substitution reactions of larger halogen anions. Over a wide range of collision energies, a large fraction of indirect scattering via a long-lived hydrogen-bonded complex is found both in crossed-beam imaging experiments and in direct chemical dynamics simulations. Our measured differential scattering cross sections show large-angle scattering and low product velocities for all collision energies, resulting from efficient transfer of the collision energy to internal energy of the CH3F reaction product.

Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of two-photon laser-excited 8p, 9p, 5f, and 6f levels in neutral xenon.

Laser-induced fluorescence of two-photon excited 8p, 9p, J=0, 2 and 5f, 6f, J=2 levels in neutral xenon has been investigated in the pressure regime between 4 and 120 Pa. Radiative lifetimes and collisional deactivation rates have been deduced especially for the 5f[3/2](2), 5f[5/2](2), and 8p[1/2](0) levels using the Stern-Volmer approach. The spontaneous lifetimes for 5f[3/2](2), 5f[5/2](2), and 8p[1/2](0) levels are 94, 78, and 207 ns, respectively.

Oxygen plasma flow properties deduced from laser-induced fluorescence and probe measurements.

Estimation of the local dissociation degree and the local mass-specific enthalpy of a pure oxygen plasma flow determined mainly from laser-induced fluorescence measurements are reported. Measurements have been conducted for several generator parameters in an inductively heated plasma wind tunnel. Additional probe measurements of total pressure together with the deduced translational temperature are used to estimate the local mass-specific enthalpy.