Fluorine as a Traceless Directing Group for the Regiodivergent Synthesis of Indoles and Tryptophans.

Despite ample evidence for the unique reactivity offered by hypervalent F-iodanes, mechanistic investigations fall far behind. In order to shed light on the unusual behavior of such F-reagents, we conducted computational and experimental studies on the chemodivergent transformation of styrenes. We identified the spirocyclic F-cyclopropane as the common intermediate for both the C, H-fluorination and C, H-amination pathways.

A Fluorination/Aryl Migration/Cyclization Cascade for the Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluoro-Benzoxazepines.

Fluorinated organic molecules are of high interest for many applications across chemical and medical disciplines. Efficient methods for the synthesis of such compounds are thus needed. Within this work, application of the bench-stable cyclic hypervalent iodine(III) fluoro reagent 1 facilitated the development of an efficient, metal-free method for the preparation of the novel class of 4-fluoro-1,3-benzoxazepines starting from readily available styrenes.

Rare Cause of Recurrent Pneumonia in the Left Lower Lobe.

A 52-year-old male patient was hospitalized in our department with the diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia in the left lower lobe. The patient reported possible aspiration of plastic material about 10 years ago, although repeated bronchoscopies in an external hospital had not revealed any foreign body. A multiply folded 8-cm filing strip for a ring folder was detected and successfully removed together with granulation tissue by means of rigid bronchoscopy.

Low pressure catalytic co-conversion of biogenic waste (rapeseed cake) and vegetable oil.

Zeolite catalysts of three types (H-ZSM-5, Fe-ZSM-5 and H-Beta) were tested in the catalytic co-conversion of rapeseed cake and safflower oil into bio-fuel. This low pressure process was carried out at the temperatures of 350 and 400 degrees Celsius. The yields and compositions of the product mixtures depended on the catalyst nature and the process temperatures.

Fully human, HLA-DR-specific monoclonal antibodies efficiently induce programmed death of malignant lymphoid cells.

The Human Combinatorial Antibody Library (HuCAL) was screened for antibodies specific to human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) that induce programmed death of lymphoma/leukemia cells expressing the target antigen. The active Fab fragments were affinity-matured, and engineered to IgG(4) antibodies of sub-nanomolar affinity. The antibodies exhibited potent in vitro tumoricidal activity on several lymphoma and leukemia cell lines and on chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient samples.