Cutaneous adverse events due to checkpoint inhibitors - a retrospective analysis at a tertiary referral hospital in Switzerland 2019-2022.

Introduction: Checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly important in anti-cancer treatment. Therefore, knowledge of immune-related cutaneous adverse events (ir-cAE) is crucial for therapy management and continuation.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the incidence of cutaneous adverse events caused by checkpoint inhibitor therapy, including their clinical presentation, management, and impact on further treatment.

Nivolumab for recurrent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: three cases.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is frequently expressed in cutaneous squamous cell cancer (CSCC) and preliminary data from an ongoing clinical trial suggest that programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors may be useful to treat patients with metastatic non-melanoma skin cancer. To report a series of three patients with advanced CSCC treated with nivolumab, showing that commercially available PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors may be useful in non-melanoma skin cancer patients without access to a clinical trial. All patients had previous chemotherapy.

Publisher Correction: A cdk1 gradient guides surface contraction waves in oocytes.

A Supplementary Information file from a different paper was inadvertently published with the original version of this Article. This file was replaced with the correct Supplementary Information file on 24 October 2017.

A cdk1 gradient guides surface contraction waves in oocytes.

Surface contraction waves (SCWs) in oocytes and embryos lead to large-scale shape changes coupled to cell cycle transitions and are spatially coordinated with the cell axis. Here, we show that SCWs in the starfish oocyte are generated by a traveling band of myosin II-driven cortical contractility. At the front of the band, contractility is activated by removal of cdk1 inhibition of the RhoA/RhoA kinase/myosin II signaling module, while at the rear, contractility is switched off by negative feedback originating downstream of RhoA kinase.

Tension and Elasticity Contribute to Fibroblast Cell Shape in Three Dimensions.

The shape of animal cells is an important regulator for many essential processes such as cell migration or division. It is strongly determined by the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, which is also the main regulator of cell forces. Quantitative analysis of cell shape helps to reveal the physical processes underlying cell shape and forces, but it is notoriously difficult to conduct it in three dimensions.

Optogenetic control of RhoA reveals zyxin-mediated elasticity of stress fibres.

Cytoskeletal mechanics regulates cell morphodynamics and many physiological processes. While contractility is known to be largely RhoA-dependent, the process by which localized biochemical signals are translated into cell-level responses is poorly understood. Here we combine optogenetic control of RhoA, live-cell imaging and traction force microscopy to investigate the dynamics of actomyosin-based force generation.

Geometry and network connectivity govern the mechanics of stress fibers.

Actomyosin stress fibers (SFs) play key roles in driving polarized motility and generating traction forces, yet little is known about how tension borne by an individual SF is governed by SF geometry and its connectivity to other cytoskeletal elements. We now address this question by combining single-cell micropatterning with subcellular laser ablation to probe the mechanics of single, geometrically defined SFs. The retraction length of geometrically isolated SFs after cutting depends strongly on SF length, demonstrating that longer SFs dissipate more energy upon incision.

Model-based traction force microscopy reveals differential tension in cellular actin bundles.

Adherent cells use forces at the cell-substrate interface to sense and respond to the physical properties of their environment. These cell forces can be measured with traction force microscopy which inverts the equations of elasticity theory to calculate them from the deformations of soft polymer substrates. We introduce a new type of traction force microscopy that in contrast to traditional methods uses additional image data for cytoskeleton and adhesion structures and a biophysical model to improve the robustness of the inverse procedure and abolishes the need for regularization.

Swiss clinical practice guidelines on field cancerization of the skin.

Actinic keratosis (AK) affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence continues to increase. AK lesions are caused by chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure, and the presence of two or more AK lesions along with photodamage should raise the consideration of a diagnosis of field cancerization. Effective treatment of individual lesions as well as field cancerization is essential for good long-term outcomes.

Internet based health promotion campaign against skin cancer - Results of www.skincheck.ch in Switzerland.

Conventional skin cancer prevention programs appeal to limited populations, and the middle aged male population responds less frequently. Our objective was to establish a complementary health promotion campaign tool for skin cancer prevention. Internet-based education, instruction for self assessment and teledermatological evaluation of skin lesions by an expert commission of dermatologists was used.