Porcine non-conventional B-1-like cells are a potent source of -binding IgM.

Introduction: serotype () 2 is an important bacterial pathogen in piglet nurseries and an emerging zoonotic agent without effective vaccines available. Immunoglobulin (Ig)M plays an essential role in host defense against . In mice, non-conventional B-1 cells are a major source of protective IgM against encapsulated bacterial pathogens, such as .

Detection of Serum IgG Specific for and "" in Dogs.

() is a pathogen in pigs, poultry, and humans causing colitis, diarrhea, and poor growth rates. Its role as a canine pathogen is controversial, and the seroprevalence of specific IgG antibodies against in dogs is unknown. A further, not yet officially recognized species in dogs is "" (""), which is proposed to be apathogenic.

Brachyspira in dogs: risk factors of shedding in central Germany and longitudinal study of an infected kennel.

Background: Brachyspira (B.) pilosicoli is a zoonotic pathogen, able to infect different animal species such as pigs, poultry, and rodents, causing intestinal spirochetosis. An association of gastrointestinal clinical signs, such as diarrhea, with the isolation of B.

Comparative analysis of the interactions of different Streptococcus suis strains with monocytes, granulocytes and the complement system in porcine blood.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important porcine pathogen causing meningitis, arthritis, and septicemia. Serotypes 2 and 14 are the most common zoonotic ones worldwide, whereas serotypes 2, 9, and 7 are very important in pigs in Europe.

Invasive Bacterial Infections of the Musculoskeletal and Central Nervous System during Pig Rearing: Detection Frequencies of Different Pathogens and Specific Genotypes.

Locomotor and central nervous system disorders occur during pig rearing, but there is no systematic recording of the different causative agents in Germany. Joint and meningeal swabs, kidneys, lungs, and eight different lymph nodes per pig were cultured, and isolated pathogens were identified using polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). The and pathotype of () isolates were determined using multiplex-PCR.

Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus - a case report of sudden death in a German sow farm.

A farm in North-West Germany experienced a high morbidity and mortality in their sow herd. Sows showed fever, lethargy, oedema, mucosal discharge and dyspnoea. Necropsy revealed a severe fibrinous and purulent polyserositis.

A critical review on experimental Streptococcus suis infection in pigs with a focus on clinical monitoring and refinement strategies.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pig pathogen worldwide with zoonotic potential. Though different research groups have contributed to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of S.

A distinct variant of the SzM protein of subsp. recruits C1q independent of IgG binding and inhibits activation of the classical complement pathway.

subsp. (SEZ) is a major equine pathogen that causes pneumonia, abortion, and polyarthritis. It can also cause invasive infections in humans.

An Explorative Study of the Causal Pathogenesis of Green Liver Discoloration in Organically Reared Female Bronze Turkeys () Considering the Infectious Risk Factors.

A recent study revealed that organically raised Bronze turkeys showed a high prevalence of green liver discoloration. This alteration is commonly associated with the Turkey Osteomyelitis Complex and potentially caused by opportunistic bacteria. Therefore, 360 organically fattened Bronze turkeys were examined post-mortem throughout two fattening trials with two examinations each to determine possible infectious risk factors and reduce disease prevalence.

Immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme of (Ide ) impairs porcine B cell signaling.

() is an important porcine pathogen, causing severe disease like meningitis and septicemia primarily in piglets. Previous work showed that the IgM-degrading enzyme of (Ide ) specifically cleaves soluble porcine IgM and is involved in complement evasion. The objective of this study was to investigate Ide cleavage of the IgM B cell receptor and subsequent changes in B cell receptor mediated signaling.

A new S. suis serotype 3 infection model in pigs: lack of effect of buprenorphine treatment to reduce distress.

Background: Streptoccocus suis (S. suis) is a major porcine pathogen causing meningitis, septicemia, arthritis and endocarditis. These diseases severely impair welfare of pigs.

d-Alanylation of Lipoteichoic Acids in Reduces Association With Leukocytes in Porcine Blood.

() is a common swine pathogen but also poses a threat to human health in causing meningitis and severe cases of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS). Therefore, it is crucial to understand how interacts with the host immune system during bacteremia. As has the ability to introduce d-alanine into its lipoteichoic acids (LTAs), we investigated the working hypothesis that cell wall modification by LTA d-alanylation influences the interaction of with porcine blood immune cells.

Porcine iucA+ but rmpA- Klebsiella pneumoniae strains proliferate in blood of young piglets but are killed by IgM and complement dependent opsonophagocytosis when these piglets get older.

Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae causes different diseases in humans and animals including the life-threatening liver abscess syndrome and septicemia, respectively. However, host-pathogen interactions of K.

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a Streptococcus suis vaccine composed of six conserved immunogens.

A vaccine protecting against different Streptococcus suis serotypes is highly needed in porcine practice to improve animal welfare and reduce the use of antibiotics. We hypothesized that immunogens prominently recognized by convalescence sera but significantly less so by sera of susceptible piglets are putative protective antigens. Accordingly, we investigated immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multicomponent vaccine including six main conserved immunogens, namely SSU0934, SSU1869, SSU0757, SSU1950, SSU1664 and SSU0187.

Identification of Zoophilic Dermatophytes Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.

Dermatophytoses represent a major health burden in animals and man. Zoophilic dermatophytes usually show a high specificity to their original animal host but a zoonotic transmission is increasingly recorded. In humans, these infections elicit highly inflammatory skin lesions requiring prolonged therapy even in the immunocompetent patient.

A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Human and Porcine Choroid Plexus Cells in Response to Serotype 2 Infection Points to a Role of Hypoxia.

() is an important opportunistic pathogen, which can cause septicemia and meningitis in pigs and humans. Previous observations in -infected pigs revealed lesions at the choroid plexus (CP). experiments with primary porcine CP epithelial cells (PCPEC) and human CP epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells demonstrated that can invade and traverse the CP epithelium, and that the CP contributes to the inflammatory response cytokine expression.

Complete Genome Sequences of Streptococcus suis Pig-Pathogenic Strains 10, 13-00283-02, and 16085/3b.

is an important pathogen of pigs that, as a zoonotic agent, can also cause severe disease in humans, including meningitis, endocarditis, and septicemia. We report complete and annotated genomes of strains 10, 13-00283-02, and 16085/3b, which represent the highly prevalent serotypes , , and , respectively.

Proline-rich antimicrobial peptide Api137 is bactericidal in porcine blood infected ex vivo with a porcine or human Klebsiella pneumoniae strain.

Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging invasive pathogen in humans and pigs. Resistance against multiple antibiotics in this species is a major health concern and the development of new antibiotics is urgently needed. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) on the survival of K.

Identification of a large repetitive RTX immunogen in a highly virulent Rodentibacter heylii strain.

Rodentibacter (R.) heylii is frequently detected in laboratory rodents. Repeats in toxin (RTX) toxins are considered important virulence factors of this major murine pathogen.

Role of Bacterial and Host DNases on Host-Pathogen Interaction during Meningitis.

is a zoonotic agent causing meningitis in pigs and humans. Neutrophils, as the first line of defense against infections, release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to entrap pathogens. In this study, we investigated the role of the secreted nuclease A of (SsnA) as a NET-evasion factor in vivo and in vitro.

A critical review speculating on the protective efficacies of autogenous bacterins as used in Europe.

Background: is a major porcine pathogen causing high morbidity worldwide. This includes well-managed herds with high hygiene standards. In Europe, no licensed vaccine is available.

Low-Energy Electron Irradiation Efficiently Inactivates the Gram-Negative Pathogen -A New Method for the Generation of Bacterial Vaccines with Increased Efficacy.

Bacterial pathogens cause severe infections worldwide in livestock and in humans, and antibiotic resistance further increases the importance of prophylactic vaccines. Inactivated bacterial vaccines (bacterins) are usually produced via incubation of the pathogen with chemicals such as formaldehyde, which is time consuming and may cause loss of immunogenicity due to the modification of structural components. We evaluated low-energy electron irradiation (LEEI) as an alternative method to generate a bacterin.

Comparing Cathelicidin Susceptibility of the Meningitis Pathogens and in Culture Medium in Contrast to Porcine or Human Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Host defense peptides or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), e.g., cathelicidins, have recently been discussed as a potential new treatment option against bacterial infections.