A study of herbal remedies for memory complaints.

This study explored the approach to marketing herbal substances and the specific remedies being sold for the treatment of memory complaints. Gingko and phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine were most frequently recommended, often in combinations with many other substances. Counseling regarding toxicity is nil.

Vasopressin receptor 1a-mediated negative regulation of B cell receptor signaling.

We report here a study of T and B cell development and function in mice with disruption of the vasopressin receptor 1a (v1a) gene. Loss of the v1a receptor caused a shift from IgM(high)/IgD(high) to the more mature IgM(low)/IgD(high) B cells, a significantly greater extent of splenic B cells proliferation in response to anti-IgM stimulation, and enhanced IgG1 and IgG2b production in response to immune challenge with T-dependent antigen. B-1 cells were increased in v1a(-/-) mice.