Pathways From Poverty to Child Mental Health in Burkina Faso: Longitudinal Mediation Analyses in a Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: The study applies the Family Stress Model to examine the impact of an integrated intervention on the mental health of children facing chronic adversity in Burkina Faso. Its primary goal is to enhance understanding of individual and relational factors at the family level as mediators and specific mechanisms through which poverty reduction can impact child well-being.

Methods: Cross-lagged autoregressive longitudinal mediation analyses tested the intervention effect on child mental health, examining maternal depression, maternal anxiety, harsh parenting, and child exposure to abuse as potential mediators.

Cognition in Meningioma: Effects of Tumor Location and Tumor Removal.

Background: Meningiomas are the most common type of primary intracranial tumor, yet very few studies have assessed the effects of tumor removal.

Methods: Here we report analysis of patients with meningiomas who underwent routine neuropsychological assessment and surgery at a National Health Service (NHS) hospital in the North East of England over a 6-year period.

Results: Surgical removal of tumors significantly improved both phonemic and semantic verbal fluency and some measures of working memory and declarative memory.

The commitment of the human cell atlas to humanity.

The Human Cell Atlas (HCA) is a global partnership "to create comprehensive reference maps of all human cells-the fundamental units of life - as a basis for both understanding human health and diagnosing, monitoring, and treating disease." ( https://www.humancellatlas.

Guidelines for managing and using the digital phenotypes of pluripotent stem cell lines.

Each pluripotent stem cell line has a physical entity as well as a digital phenotype, but linking the two unambiguously is confounded by poor naming practices and assumed knowledge. Registration gives each line a unique and persistent identifier that links to phenotypic data generated over the lifetime of that line. Registration is a key recommendation of the 2023 ISSCR Standards for the use of human stem cells in research.

Australian researchers' perceptions and experiences with stem cell registration.

The recently issued ISSCR standards in stem cell research recommend registration of human pluripotent stem cell lines (hPSCs). Registration is critical to establishing stem cell provenance and connecting cell lines to data derived on those lines. In this study, we sought to understand common barriers to registration by conducting interviews with forty-eight Australian stem cell stakeholders, including researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals.

Regular Physician Access and Obesity Status Among Underserved Asian and Pacific Islander American Immigrants in Los Angeles.

According to prior research, Asian and Pacific Islander American (APIA) immigrants often refrain from seeking health care unless necessitated by medical conditions. Utilizing data from health screenings conducted in APIA immigrant enclaves in Los Angeles, we hypothesize that poorer obesity status would predict higher rates of regular physician access. Analyses involved objectively measured percent body fat (%BF) and survey responses collected between 2011 and 2019.

Stemformatics data portal enables transcriptional benchmarking of lab-derived myeloid cells.

Stemformatics.org has been serving the stem cell research community for over a decade, by making it easy for users to find and view transcriptional profiles of pluripotent and adult stem cells and their progeny, comparing data derived from multiple tissues and derivation methods. In recent years, Stemformatics has shifted its focus from curation to collation and integration of public data with shared phenotypes.

Association between more complex special care needs and overweight status and adolescents' difficulty with dental caries.

Objective: Little is known about dental caries experience in adolescents with overweight and complex special health care needs (SHCNs).

Methods: Adolescent data (10-17 years) from the 2016-2020 National Survey of Children's Health (n = 91,196) was analyzed. The sample was grouped into the following: more complex SHCN and overweight, more complex SHCN without overweight, less complex SHCN and overweight, less complex SHCN without overweight, no SHCN but with overweight, and neither SHCN nor overweight.

IsoVis - a webserver for visualization and annotation of alternative RNA isoforms.

Genes commonly express multiple RNA products (RNA isoforms), which differ in exonic content and can have different functions. Making sense of the plethora of known and novel RNA isoforms being identified by transcriptomic approaches requires a user-friendly way to visualize gene isoforms and how they differ in exonic content, expression levels and potential functions. Here we introduce IsoVis, a freely available webserver that accepts user-supplied transcriptomic data and visualizes the expressed isoforms in a clear, intuitive manner.

Effectiveness of mechanical and chemical decontamination methods for the treatment of dental implant surfaces affected by peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess which decontamination method(s) used for the debridement of titanium surfaces (disks and dental implants) contaminated with bacterial, most efficiently eliminate bacterial biofilms.

Material And Methods: A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2022. The search strategy followed the PICOS format and included only in vitro studies completed on either dental implant or titanium disk samples.

Risk Factors Associated with Postoperative CSF Leak in Extrasellar Tumors.

 While postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rates of pituitary tumors have been frequently studied, there are fewer studies examining postoperative CSF leak rates for extrasellar tumors. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for the development of postoperative CSF leak in patients undergoing endoscopic surgery for extrasellar tumors.  A retrospective chart review was done for patients who underwent endoscopic resection for extrasellar tumors between 2008 and 2020.

An Overview of Current Statistical Methods for Implementing Quality Tolerance Limits.

Background: In 2016, the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use updated its efficacy guideline for good clinical practice and introduced predefined quality tolerance limits (QTLs) as a quality control in clinical trials. QTLs are complementary to Quality by Design (QbD) principles (ICH-E8) and are one of the components of the risk-based clinical trial quality management system.

Methods: Currently the framework for QTLs process is well established, extensively describing the operational aspects of Defining, Monitoring and Reporting, but a single source of commonly used methods to establish QTLs and secondary limits is lacking.

A national sample of developmentally disabled adolescents with obesity and their utilization of preventive dental care services.

Background: Previous literature indicates that adolescents with developmental disabilities and obesity may have more oral health complications than healthy adolescents. However, dental care utilization among adolescents with developmental disabilities (DDs) and obesity is unclear. We investigated the differences in the utilization of preventive dental services between this high-risk group of adolescents and those with no DDs or obesity.

The status of the human gene catalogue.

Scientists have been trying to identify every gene in the human genome since the initial draft was published in 2001. In the years since, much progress has been made in identifying protein-coding genes, currently estimated to number fewer than 20,000, with an ever-expanding number of distinct protein-coding isoforms. Here we review the status of the human gene catalogue and the efforts to complete it in recent years.

The status of the human gene catalogue.

Scientists have been trying to identify all of the genes in the human genome since the initial draft of the genome was published in 2001. Over the intervening years, much progress has been made in identifying protein-coding genes, and the estimated number has shrunk to fewer than 20,000, although the number of distinct protein-coding isoforms has expanded dramatically. The invention of high-throughput RNA sequencing and other technological breakthroughs have led to an explosion in the number of reported non-coding RNA genes, although most of them do not yet have any known function.

Reported History of Measles and Long-term Impact on Tetanus Antibody Detected in Children 9-59 Months of Age and Receiving 3 Doses of Tetanus Vaccine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Background: Recent studies suggest measles-induced immune amnesia could have long-term immunosuppressive effects via preferential depletion of memory CD150+ lymphocytes, and associations with a 2-3 year period of increased mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases other than measles has been shown in children from wealthy and low-income countries. To further examine the associations previous measles virus infection may have on immunologic memory among children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), we assessed tetanus antibody levels among fully vaccinated children, with and without a history of measles.

Methods: We assessed 711 children 9-59 months of age whose mothers were selected for interview in the 2013-2014 DRC Demographic and Health Survey.

Dental care utilization among developmentally disabled adolescents experiencing difficulty with decayed teeth: A population-level study.

Aims: To determine if adolescents with developmental disabilities (DDs) who experienced difficulty with dental caries differed by dental visits in the past 12 months and receipt of preventive services (fluoride treatment and dental sealants) during those visits compared to adolescents with no DDs or difficulty with dental caries.

Methods And Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data of 91 196 adolescents aged 10-17 years from the 2016-2020 National Survey of Children's Health. Descriptive and bivariate statistics and multivariable regression models were conducted.

The Human Dendritic Cell Atlas: An Integrated Transcriptional Tool to Study Human Dendritic Cell Biology.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are functionally diverse and are present in most adult tissues, but deep understanding of human DC biology is hampered by relatively small numbers of these in circulation and their short lifespan in human tissues. We built a transcriptional atlas of human DCs by combining samples from 14 expression profiling studies derived from 10 laboratories. We identified significant gene expression variation of DC subset-defining markers across tissue type and upon viral or bacterial stimulation.

Fluoride exposure and blood cell markers of inflammation in children and adolescents in the United States: NHANES, 2013-2016.

Background: Ingestion of fluoride in drinking water has been shown to result in increased cellular markers of inflammation in rodent models. However, the approximately 5-10 × increase in water fluoride concentrations required in rat and mouse models to obtain plasma fluoride concentrations similar to those found in humans has made relevant comparisons of animal to human studies difficult to assess. As an increased white blood cell count (WBC) is a marker of inflammation in humans, we used available NHANES survey data to assess the associations between plasma fluoride levels in the U.

Clinical Predictors of Symptom Improvement Following Eustachian Tube Balloon Dilation.

Objective: This study aims to identify clinical predictors of treatment response to Eustachian Tube Balloon Dilation (ETBD) as measured by changes in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) scores.

Methods: One hundred thirteen patients who underwent ETBD at an institution from 2017 to 2021 completed ETDQ-7 pre- and post-operatively. We conducted multivariable regression analyses with ETDQ-7 normalization (<2.

Assessing and enhancing migration of human myogenic progenitors using directed iPS cell differentiation and advanced tissue modelling.

Muscle satellite stem cells (MuSCs) are responsible for skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. Despite their differentiation potential, human MuSCs have limited in vitro expansion and in vivo migration capacity, limiting their use in cell therapies for diseases affecting multiple skeletal muscles. Several protocols have been developed to derive MuSC-like progenitors from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (hiPSCs) to establish a source of myogenic cells with controllable proliferation and differentiation.