Frequency of activating mutations in FGFR2 exon 7 in bladder tumors from patients with early-onset and regular-onset disease.

The FGF/FGFR-system plays an important role in embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis and carcinogenesis. Mutational activation of FGFR2 resulting in aberrant FGFR2 signaling activation is known from both hereditary germ line alterations and somatic mutations in various malignancies (e.g.