Publications by authors named "Christine Silvain"

Article Synopsis
  • Relapse after stopping immunosuppression treatment is common in Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) patients, and there's a need for better non-invasive biomarkers to predict this risk.
  • The study analyzed blood samples from 58 active AIH patients, 56 in remission, and 31 with NASH, focusing on the levels of activated T cell subsets and the cytokine BAFF.
  • Results showed that increased frequencies of certain activated T cells and high BAFF levels in remission patients were strongly linked to a higher chance of relapse after treatment withdrawal, suggesting these could serve as useful biomarkers for monitoring AIH.
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  • A study examined the risk of new thrombotic events in patients with non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis (NCPVT) linked to local factors after stopping anticoagulation therapy.
  • Out of 154 patients assessed, a significant portion had high-risk prothrombotic factors, with new thrombotic events occurring in 17 patients during a median follow-up of 52 months.
  • The results suggest that high-risk factors increase the likelihood of new thrombosis, while continuous anticoagulation treatment may reduce these risks effectively.
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  • The ELITor study analyzed real-world data from the CHIEF cohort to understand treatment patterns and patient characteristics for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in France, focusing on sociodemographic, clinical, and quality of life factors.
  • A total of 367 patients were included, with most presenting at advanced BCLC C stage and a high prevalence of cirrhosis; alcohol was identified as the main cause of the disease.
  • Results showed that tyrosine-kinase inhibitors were the most common systemic treatment, and patients receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab demonstrated better health statuses, although many experienced a decline in health quality post-treatment.
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  • * Conducted over a year, the research involved 1501 patients without known chronic liver disease; 33.6% of these showed positive signs for fibrosis, leading to further testing and specialist referrals.
  • * The findings suggest that using these simple ultrasound indicators can effectively identify hepatic fibrosis in the general population, resulting in appropriate referrals for further evaluation and treatment.
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Objectives: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and cutaneous psoriasis (PsO) are different phenotypes of psoriatic disease (PsD), whose underlying specific mechanisms remain incompletely understood. As cytokines are key elements to induce and tune up immune responses to drive inflammatory diseases, our objective was to assess whether clinical features, disease phenotype and PsA and PsO activity were associated with a particular cytokine production profile.

Methods: Forty-eight patients (37 PsA and 11 PsO) and 11 healthy subjects (HS) were studied.

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Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) may recur after liver transplantation (LT) in the severe form of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (FCH). The prognosis dramatically improved by the use of direct acting antivirals (DAAs). The aim of the present study was to describe the change in histological features of FCH after virological eradication.

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Deficient mismatch repair system (dMMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) is found in about 5% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs) with a major therapeutic impact for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use. We conducted a multicentre study including all consecutive patients with a dMMR/MSI mCRC. MSI status was determined using the Pentaplex panel and expression of the four MMR proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

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Background: Early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-related hepatitis is an emerging treatment option. We aimed to assess the risk of alcohol relapse 2 years after early liver transplantation for alcohol-related hepatitis compared with liver transplantation for alcohol-related cirrhosis after at least 6 months of abstinence.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, non-randomised, non-inferiority, controlled study in 19 French and Belgian hospitals.

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Background: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is the recommended treatment in patients with chronic intestinal failure (CIF). HPN is associated with a worsening of patients' quality of life and has a dramatic impact on personal and familial daily life. Little is known about the informal caregiver burden of patients receiving HPN.

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A total of 2%-10% of patients with vascular liver disease (VLD) have paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Eculizumab reduces complement-mediated haemolytic activity in PNH. This study was aimed at assessing the impact of eculizumab on VLD outcome.

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Background And Aims: Non-O blood group promotes deep vein thrombosis and liver fibrosis in both general population and hepatitis C. We aimed to evaluate the influence of Non-O group on the outcome of Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients.

Methods: We used two prospective cohorts of Child-Pugh A cirrhosis due to either alcohol or viral hepatitis.

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IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD) results from tissue infiltration by IgG4-expressing plasma cells and lymphocytes, leading to fibrosis and organomegaly. Clinical presentation is remarkably variable according to organ involvement, and high IgG4 serum concentration, initially considered a diagnostic hallmark of IgG4-RD, tends to be forgone as an indispensable criterion for its diagnosis; it can indeed be absent in some patients, highlighting the diversity of presentation of this dysimmune condition. Nevertheless, elevation of IgG4 serum concentration in suggestive settings remains an argument in favour of IgG4-RD, and while other IgG subclasses can be elevated, this biological feature lacks any diagnostic value.

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Background: Obeticholic acid (OCA) and fibrates are second-line therapies for patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with an inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

Aim: To know whether OCA and fibrates, administered together in combination with UDCA, have additive beneficial effects in patients with difficult-to-treat PBC.

Methods: PBC patients treated for ≥3 months with UDCA, OCA and fibrates (bezafibrate or fenofibrate) due to failure of either second-line therapy were included in a multicentre, uncontrolled retrospective cohort study.

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Background & Aims: Liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography (TE) is a promising method for staging fibrosis in alcohol-related liver disease, but uncertainties remain regarding the influence of alcohol consumption and thus the ideal timing for TE performance. We evaluated the performance of TE compared with liver biopsy to exclude compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) in patients hospitalized for alcohol detoxification.

Methods: Patients were recruited prospectively at 6 in-patient addiction centers in France.

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Background & Aims: In acute severe autoimmune hepatitis (AS-AIH), the optimal timing for liver transplantation (LT) remains controversial. The objectives of this study were to determine early predictive factors for a non-response to corticosteroids and to propose a score to identify patients in whom LT is urgently indicated.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter study (2009-2016).

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Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody is a standard treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and its most common adverse effect is a papulopustular acneiform rash. The aim of the CUTACETUX study was to characterize the skin inflammatory response associated with this rash and its relation to treatment efficacy. This prospective study included patients with mCRC treated with first-line chemotherapy plus cetuximab.

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination by 2030, as targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO), requires that 90% of people with chronic infection be diagnosed and 80% treated. We estimated the cascade of care (CoC) for chronic HCV infection in mainland France in 2011 and 2016, before and after the introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs).

Methods: The numbers of people (1) with chronic HCV infection, (2) aware of their infection, (3) receiving care for HCV and (4) on antiviral treatment, were estimated for 2011 and 2016.

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Background: Renal failure is predictive of mortality in the early postliver-transplantation period and calcineurin inhibitors toxicity is a main challenge. Our aim is to assess the impact of longitudinal tacrolimus exposure (TLE) and other variables on chronic kidney disease (CKD)-free 1-year-survival.

Methods: Retrospective data of consecutive patients transplanted between 2011 and 2016 and treated with tacrolimus were collected.

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Background & Aims: Refining hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance programs requires improved individual risk prediction. Thus, we aimed to develop algorithms based on machine learning approaches to predict the risk of HCC more accurately in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, according to their virological status.

Methods: Patients with compensated biopsy-proven HCV-related cirrhosis from the French ANRS CO12 CirVir cohort were included in a semi-annual HCC surveillance program.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers investigated how chronic alcohol consumption affects psoriasis-like skin conditions in mice, finding that ethanol can worsen skin inflammation.
  • Mice that consumed ethanol showed more severe dermatitis symptoms, including thicker skin and increased levels of cytokines related to inflammation.
  • The study suggests that alcohol may trigger low-level skin inflammation, which can exacerbate psoriasis symptoms, highlighting the need for managing alcohol intake in individuals with psoriasis.
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Background: Trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one first-line option therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) not suitable for surgical resection.

Aims: We evaluated the effects of sunitinib plus doxorubicin-TACE on bleeding or liver failure.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with HCC were included in this randomized, double-blind study.

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Low insight is reported as a risk factor for relapse among patients treated for alcohol use disorders. However, to date, little is known on why patients with low insight are at higher risk for relapse. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that an implicit preference for alcohol over abstinence predicts relapse in patients with low, but not high, alcohol insight.

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The noninvasive detection of and its resistance to clarithromycin could revolutionize the management of -infected patients by tailoring eradication treatment without any need for endoscopy when histology is not necessary. Several real-time PCR tests performed on stools have been proposed, but their performances were either poor or they were tested on too few patients to be properly evaluated. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study including 1,200 adult patients who were addressed for gastroduodenal endoscopy with gastric biopsies and who were naive for eradication treatment in order to evaluate the performance of the Amplidiag +ClariR assay recently developed by Mobidiag (Espoo, Finland).

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