Single-Dose Levonorgestrel Emergency Contraception and Silent Barriers to Its Access: Is It Really Just One Step?

Background: Single-dose levonorgestrel has been legally available over the counter in the United States without age restriction since 2013. The objective of this study was to discover if there are barriers to access and to determine if such barriers vary based on the gender of the person making the purchase.

Materials And Methods: A male and female caller contacted 146 Richmond, Virginia pharmacies listed on the Plan B One Step website.

Obstetric-gynecology resident education regarding barrier and over-the-counter contraceptives: a national study.

Background: The study was conducted to assess obstetrics-gynecology resident knowledge about barrier and over-the-counter (OTC) contraceptives and identify strengths and weaknesses in resident education.

Methods: We developed a survey for distribution among 50 randomly selected U.S.

DNA methylation is altered in maternal blood vessels of women with preeclampsia.

We analyzed 27,578 CpG sites that map to 14,495 genes in omental arteries of normal pregnant and preeclamptic women for DNA methylation status using the Illumina platform. We found 1685 genes with a significant difference in DNA methylation at a false discovery rate of <10% with many inflammatory genes having reduced methylation. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed natural clustering by diagnosis and methylation status.