BMI Status and Trends among Native American Family Members Participating in the Growing Resilience Home Garden Study.

This research reports the BMI status of 176 adults and 134 children from 96 Native American families who are participating in a randomized controlled trial to assess health impacts of home gardens. Analyses include demographic associations with BMI using a novel approach of analyzing BMI status of children and adults together as one population by using LMS-based scores generated from NHANES data. Results fit national data, with Native Americans more likely to be overweight/obese than other US demographic groups.

Service, Scholarship, and Sacrifice: A Qualitative Analysis of Food Security Barriers and Strategies among Military-Connected Students.

Background: In the United States, 41% of 4-year university student veterans have reported food insecurity, but literature on food insecurity among military-connected students is limited.

Objective: The objective of the study was to increase knowledge of military-connected student food insecurity experiences and potential strategies to address food access.

Design: The study is a cross-sectional survey and nonexperimental qualitative cohort analysis.

African and Native American foodways and resilience: From 1619 to COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic is flooding and splitting "efficiency" fault lines in today's industrialized food system. It also exploits centuries of historical traumas, White supremacy, and systemic racism to kill non-White people at triple the rates of Whites. In 1619, an English ship landed on the shores of the Powhatan confederacy, or, as the English called it, Point Comfort, Virginia.

Restorying Northern Arapaho food sovereignty.

Communities in Indian Country across the U.S. are reconnecting to traditional and healthier food systems, often working explicitly for food sovereignty.

Adult Health Status Among Native American Families Participating in the Growing Resilience Home Garden Study.

Northern Arapaho and Eastern Shoshone tribes sharing the Wind River Indian Reservation (WRIR) in Wyoming reportedly die 30 years earlier than whites in the state. We analyzed data on the health status of 176 adults from 96 families who participated in a randomized controlled trial to assess health effects of home gardens. Measures of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, vitamin D, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and household food security were collected from participating adults before the intervention.

Assessing health impacts of home food gardens with Wind River Indian Reservation families: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: This community-based participatory research, will be the first full-scale randomised controlled trial we have identified that is designed to evaluate impacts of home gardening on family health. It is based on observational studies suggesting home food gardening has myriad health benefits, Wind River Indian Reservation (WRIR) families' interest in home gardening and the need to end Native American health disparities with empowering, appropriate and effective health interventions.

Methods And Analysis: A total of 100 Native American families in WRIR who have not gardened recently but want to garden will be randomly allocated (1:1) to intervention (receiving 2 years of support designing, installing and maintaining a home food garden of at least 80 square feet (approximately 7 square meters) or to delayed-intervention control (receiving same gardening support after 2 years of data collection).

What gardens grow: Outcomes from home and community gardens supported by community-based food justice organizations.

Supporting home and community gardening is a core activity of many community-based organizations (CBOs) that are leading the food justice movement in the U.S. Using mixed methods across multiple action-research studies with five food justice CBOs, this paper documents myriad layers of benefits that gardening yields.

Growing intergenerational resilience for Indigenous food sovereignty through home gardening.

As a community-based participatory research project designed to promote health and wellbeing, Growing Resilience supports home gardens for 96 primarily Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho families in the Wind River Reservation, located in Wyoming. Through analysis of data from two years of qualitative fieldwork, including stories told by 53 gardeners and members of the project's community advisory board in talking circles and through our novel method, we investigated if and how these participants employ relationships, knowledge, and practices across generations through home gardening. We find that participants describe home gardening within present, past, future, and cross-generational frames, rooted in family relationships and knowledge shared across generations.

Pharmacoeconomic impact of an alternative workflow process for stroke.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a new multidisciplinary process in which intravenous alteplase (tPA) waste, used for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), was salvaged in an attempt to maximize cost effectiveness without impacting door-to-needle (DTN) administration times.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort between May 2017 and February 2018. The primary endpoint evaluated for this study was the total tPA salvaged and total cost savings in U.

Acute and chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with hip fracture: prevalence, risk factors and outcome with development and validation of a risk prediction model for acute kidney injury.

Background: Hip fracture is a common injury in older people with a high rate of postoperative morbidity and mortality. This patient group is also at high risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), but little is known of the impact of kidney disease on outcome following hip fracture.

Methods: An observational cohort of consecutive patients with hip fracture in a large UK secondary care hospital.

Food Gardeners' Productivity in Laramie, Wyoming: More Than a Hobby.

Objectives: We quantified the productivity of food gardens in Laramie, Wyoming, over 3 growing seasons.

Methods: From 2012 to 2014, 33 participating gardening households weighed and recorded each harvest. Academic partners measured plot sizes and converted reported harvest weights to volume in cups.

Minigrants for Community Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Their Impact on Family Food Gardening.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of minigrants on home food gardening and review 28 health-related minigrant programs reported in the literature for lessons relevant for using minigrant programs to promote community health.

Design: Randomized controlled trial of the impact of minigrants on square footage of food garden area and on garden initiation in 2010 versus 2011. Interviews with participants were also conducted and coded and the literature was reviewed for findings from other community health minigrant programs.

A real-time electronic alert to improve detection of acute kidney injury in a large teaching hospital.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious problem in hospitalized patients. Early detection is critical for optimal management but in practice is currently inadequate. To improve outcomes in AKI, development of early detection tools is essential.

Community action to prevent childhood obesity: lessons from three US case studies.

Background: A 2005 Institute of Medicine report argues that "prevention of obesity in children and youth is, ultimately, about community," yet the literature lacks empirical research on what communities are doing to prevent childhood obesity. This research helps fill this gap and highlights promising practices.

Cases: This research entailed exploratory analysis of three descriptive case studies of community efforts to prevent childhood obesity in the northeastern United States: Shape Up Somerville in Massachusetts, MA (urban), Whole Community Project in New York, NY (semiurban), and Eat Well Play Hard Chemung in NY (semirural).

Expanding the frontiers of population nutrition research: new questions, new methods, and new approaches.

Nutrition research, ranging from molecular to population levels and all points along this spectrum, is exploring new frontiers as new technologies and societal changes create new possibilities and demands. This paper defines a set of frontiers at the population level that are being created by the increased societal recognition of the importance of nutrition; its connection to urgent health, social, and environmental problems; and the need for effective and sustainable solutions at the population level. The frontiers are defined in terms of why, what, who, and how we study at the population level and the disciplinary foundations for that research.

'Choice': what we mean by it, and what that means for preventing childhood obesity.

Objective: (i) To map how US adults value 'choice' in the context of obesity policy and (ii) to discuss implications for obesity prevention in children.

Design: Semi-structured interviews (n =105) were conducted between 2006 and 2009 about causes of and solutions to childhood obesity. Quotes captured in field notes from community meetings (n = 6) on childhood obesity prevention were also analysed.

Finding common ground: perspectives on community-based childhood obesity prevention.

To support successful and inclusive community organizing for childhood obesity prevention, this research identified stakeholder perspectives on what communities should do to prevent childhood obesity. It employed factor analysis on statement sorts (Q methodology) conducted by 95 people in an upstate New York community. These participants sorted 36 statements about the issue by how much he or she agreed or disagreed with each.

Evolution of coronary artery calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease Stages 3 and 4, with and without diabetes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report the evolution of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in subjects with chronic kidney disease Stages 3 and 4 comparing those with and without diabetes. We previously reported prevalence in the same population.

Methods: CAC was measured using multi-slice computer tomography.

Relationship between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone levels and bone mineral density in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4.

Aim: Low vitamin D status is associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased bone turnover in the general population and can aggravate the hyperparathyroidism of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. It is also correlated to low bone mineral density (BMD), but this correlation is less clear in CKD patients. Aims of our study were to investigate these associations in CKD stages 3 and 4 patients, and to identify significant predictors of BMD in this population.

Open onlay mesh repair for major abdominal wall hernias with selective use of components separation and fibrin sealant.

Background: The objective of the study was to reassess the efficacy of the open onlay technique for repair of major incisional hernias, utilizing the modern adjuncts of components separation and fibrin sealant to reduce the principal complications of seroma and recurrence. Major incisional hernias were defined as >10 cm transverse diameter.

Methods: A prospective audit was applied to 116 patients undergoing open onlay incisional hernia repair during a 2-year period at a single institution.

Detection of coronary and peripheral artery calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4, with and without diabetes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence and extent of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3 and 4 comparing those with and without diabetes. We also wished to determine if the presence of peripheral artery calcification (PAC) would assist in identifying patients positive for CAC.

Methods: CAC was detected by multi-slice computed tomography and PAC was detected by plain foot radiography.

Ottawa to Bangkok: changing health promotion discourse.

The discourse of the 2005 Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World represents a radical departure from that of the Ottawa Charter that, in 1986, staked a place for the health promotion field in mainstream public health. Via a critical analysis of the discourse in these two Charters, this paper illustrates a shift from a 'new social movements' discourse of ecosocial justice in Ottawa to a 'new capitalist' discourse of law and economics in Bangkok. The Bangkok Charter's content may identify 'actions, commitments and pledges required to address the determinants of health in a globalized world through health promotion', but this paper shows how its discourse works to naturalize and perpetuate many of detrimental determinants associated with 'globalization'.