J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
April 2024
Background: Ventilation heterogeneity (VH) is a feature of asthma and indicates small airway disease. Nuclear imaging methods assess VH, which can facilitate clinical diagnosis and further our understanding of disease aetiology.
Objective: We sought to assess VH in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) using ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/P SPECT), and to assess its use as an objective test of the effect of biologic treatment for ventilation defects in SEA.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
February 2022
Culture medium is frequently modelled as water in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of in vitro culture systems involving flow, such as bioreactors and organ-on-chips. However, culture medium can be expected to have different properties to water due to its higher solute content. Furthermore, cellular activities such as metabolism and secretion of ECM proteins alter the composition of culture medium and therefore its properties during culture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAndrogen receptor (AR) signaling is a key driver of prostate cancer, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced and metastatic disease. However, patients receiving ADT eventually develop incurable castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we report that the chromatin modifier LSD1, an important regulator of AR transcriptional activity, undergoes epigenetic reprogramming in CRPC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The aims of this study were to describe the long-term nutrition, body weight and body image issues facing survivors of Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplant (BMT) and their impact on quality of life. It also describes survivors' perception of enteral feeding during BMT.
Methods: Four hundred and forty-one survivors who had undergone a BMT in NSW, Australia between 2000 and 2012 (n = 441/583) completed the Sydney Post BMT Study Survey (SPBS).
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent an attractive class of candidates to mediate cancer risk. Through integrative analysis of the lncRNA transcriptome with genomic data and SNP data from prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified 45 candidate lncRNAs associated with risk to prostate cancer. We further evaluated the mechanism underlying the top hit, PCAT1, and found that a risk-associated variant at rs7463708 increases binding of ONECUT2, a novel androgen receptor (AR)-interacting transcription factor, at a distal enhancer that loops to the PCAT1 promoter, resulting in upregulation of PCAT1 upon prolonged androgen treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
August 2015
In vitro culture of respiratory tissues poses many challenges due to the intrinsic complexity of the respiratory system. Multiple cellular phenotypes comprise the respiratory epithelium and operate under dynamic, gas-interchanging conditions that should be replicated for near-physiologic cultivation of functional tissues in vitro. A novel biomimetic perfusion bioreactor system has been proposed to reconstitute key functional conditions of the human lung.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To calculate the total radiation exposure and effective organ doses from standard protocol voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).
Methods: A prospective series of consecutive, non-neurogenic women underwent a standardized VCUG protocol by the same technologist using a Siemens Sireskop Fluorospot radiographic/fluoroscopic unit. Only studies that followed the protocol were included.