Outcomes After Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycle Training in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis Who Are Nonambulatory.

Background: Exercise is safe and beneficial for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling offers people with significant weakness and mobility challenges an option for exercise. We sought to evaluate the safety of FES cycling and its potential to improve fatigue, pain, spasticity, and quality of life in people with moderate-to-severe MS.

Impact of Massage Therapy on Fatigue, Pain, and Spasticity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: a Pilot Study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease that leads to fatigue, pain, and spasticity, as well as other sensorimotor and cognitive changes. Often traditional medical approaches are ineffective in alleviating these disruptive symptoms. Although about one-third of surveyed individuals report they use massage therapy (MT) as an adjunct to medical treatment, there is little empirical evidence that MT is effective for symptom management in people with MS.

Pilot study: evaluation of the effect of functional electrical stimulation cycling on muscle metabolism in nonambulatory people with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To investigate the changes in muscle oxygen consumption (mV˙O2) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) after 4 weeks of training with functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling in nonambulatory people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design: Four-week before-after trial to assess changes in mV˙O2 after an FES cycling intervention.

Setting: Rehabilitation hospital.

Gait characteristics, range of motion, and spasticity changes in response to massage in a person with incomplete spinal cord injury: case report.

Purpose: Our study set out to measure the effect of a specific routine of massage on gait characteristics, range of motion, and spasticity in a person with incomplete spinal cord injury.

Methods: This descriptive, pre-post case study, conducted at the outpatient program of a rehabilitation facility, used neuromuscular techniques in massage for a 42-year-old man with incomplete chronic C5 spinal cord injury. The massage was applied to the iliopsoas, triceps surae, and hamstring muscle groups for 3 consecutive days.